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Salivary and Serum Anti-Desmoglein 1 and 3 Elisa and Indirect Immunofluorescence in Pemphigus Vulgaris: Correlations With Serum Elisa, Indirect Immunofluorescence and Disease Severity Pubmed



Koopaie M1 ; Mortazavi H2, 3, 4 ; Khatami A5 ; Khodashenas Z6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Autoimmune Bullous Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Dermatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Razi Hospital, Vahdat Islamic Square, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Imam-Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Ward of Dermatology, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Acta Dermatovenerologica Croatica Published:2018


Abstract

Anti-desmoglein (anti-Dsg) ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) are used for the diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris (PV). The value of salivary ELISA, serum ELISA, and IIF in the diagnosis of PV, and the correlation of salivary anti-Dsg1 and anti-Dsg3 ELISA with serum ELISA, serum and salivary IIF titers, and disease severity in patients with PV were evaluated. Fifty newly diagnosed patients with PV were enrolled in the study. Demographic data and disease-severity scores were recorded for each patient. Anti-Dsg1 and anti-Dsg3 ELISA and IIF were performed on both serum and salivary samples. Given the cut-off value of 20 RU/mL for Dsg1 and Dsg3, serum Dsg1 and Dsg3 ELISA were positive in 41 (82%) and 40 (80%) patients, and saliva Dsg1 and the Dsg3 ELISA were positive in 2 (4%) and 3 (6%) patients, respectively. Using the cut-off value of 13.4 RU/mL and 7.7 RU/mL for Dsg3 and Dsg1 salivary ELISA, 25 (50%) and 23 (46%) patients tested positive for Dsg3 and Dsg1, respectively. Serum IIF results were positive in 35 (70%) patients, and salivary IIF results were positive in 16 (32%) patients. Salivary anti-Dsg1 and anti-Dsg3 showed moderate correlations with the total pemphigus disease area index (PDAI) score (r=0.466, P<0.001), (r=0.459, P<0.001), respectively. A moderate correlation between serum IIF and salivary IIF was also detected (r=0.413, P<0.001). Salivary anti-Dsg1 and anti-Dsg3 ELISA could be used as a safe and noninvasive method for the diagnosis of PV under certain circumstances, especially in children or elderly patients. Salivary ELISA is superior to salivary IIF. © 2018, Croatian Dermatovenerological Society. All rights reserved.