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Self-Care Behaviors in People Living With Type 2 Diabetes Publisher



Mehraeen E1 ; Mehrtak M2 ; Karimi A3 ; Aghamohammadi V4 ; Akbarshekarchi A5 ; Farzi J6 ; Nazeri Z7 ; Hayati B8 ; Haghiri E1 ; Nasiri K9
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Health Information Technology, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran
  2. 2. School of Medicine and Allied Medical Sciences, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
  3. 3. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Nutrition, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Pathology and Anatomy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Health Information Technology, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Health Information Management, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Environmental Health, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran
  9. 9. Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran

Source: Romanian Journal of Diabetes# Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Published:2022


Abstract

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease that impairs the body’s ability to use carbohydrates in foods for energy. Selfcare is an effective strategy to improve the status and control of chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes. The present study aimed to systematically review the current self-care behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: We carried out a systematic review in February 2021 using the PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science databases. We evaluated the records in two phases of title/abstract and full-text screenings against the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Non-English studies, reviews, case reports, studies lacking full-text, and studies on non-human subjects were excluded. We then extracted the data into word tables and the extracted data was used to draft the study. Results: We identified 43 eligible records. In this study, a set of self-care behaviors was identified for individuals with type 2 diabetes in five main groups: diet, exercise, blood sugar monitoring, medication adherence, and other self-care behaviors. Based on the study’s findings, the majority of reviewed studies (n=37, 86.0%) referred to diet and exercise as an effective self-care behavior for type 2 diabetes. Blood glucose monitoring, medication adherence, and foot care were reported in 74.4%, 58.1%, and 37.2% of other studies, respectively. Conclusion: Given the high prevalence of type 2 diabetes worldwide, lifestyle amendments such as diet modification and daily exercise can be effective in managing this disease. Therefore, it is recommended to focus on self-care, especially behavior change and lifestyle modification of people with type 2 diabetes, rather than investing only in the clinical treatment of this disease. © 2022 The Authors.
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