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Concurrence of Vesicoureteral Reflux and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Children



Ipakchi S1 ; Zamani N2 ; Mehdizadeh M3 ; Pak N3 ; Zamani F4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Children Medical Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Iranian Journal of Pediatrics Published:2023

Abstract

Background: There is anecdotal evidence regarding the simultaneous occurrence of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which indicates the probability of pathophysiological commonality. Objectives: In the present study, we evaluated the concurrence of VUR and GERD in children candidates for the voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) study. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 62 children between 1 and 14 years old referred to a tertiary referral teaching hospital for VCUG in 2019-2020. All subjects underwent ultrasound to assess GERD and VCUG to rule out VUR. Results: According to the ultrasound assessment, 14.5% of subjects were diagnosed with GERD: 8.3% in males and 18.4% in females. VUR was detected in 48.4% of children (50.0% in males and 47.4% in females) using VCUG. Overall, seven (23.3%) had concomitant VUR and GERD: 4.2% in boys and 15.8% in girls, indicating no difference between the two genders (P = 0.125). The prevalence of concurrent GERD and VUR was also independent of age. In the two groups with and without VUR, the prevalence of GERD was 23.3% and 6.2%, respectively, indicating a relative risk of 2 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.32-3.02, P = 0.001). Conclusions: Regarding the relationship between GERD and VUR, despite the deletion of physiologic GER cases, the pathophysiological overlap between the two phenomena could be considered. © 2023, Author(s).