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The Effects of an Education Program on Hookah Smoking Cessation in University Students: An Application of the Health Action Process Approach (Hapa) Publisher



Joveini H1 ; Rohban A2 ; Eftekhar Ardebili H3 ; Dehdari T4 ; Maheri M5 ; Hashemian M1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Rehabilitation Management, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Public Health, School of Health, Reproductive Health Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

Source: Journal of Substance Use Published:2020


Abstract

Background: Hookah smoking is a harmful practice which has become increasingly popular among university students. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 150 male undergraduate students, who were regular hookah smokers, from Jan 2014 to Sept 2016. The participants were randomly selected and assigned to intervention (n = 75) and control groups (n = 75). A self-administered questionnaire was utilized to measure baseline demographic information and HAPA constructs. The primary outcome was an improvement in behavioral intention for quitting hookah, and the secondary outcome was successful abstinence from tobacco use. Results: The motivational phase constructs (one month after the intervention) and the volitional phase constructs (six months after the intervention) except for recovery self-efficacy were significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group. Six months after the intervention, 26 (44.1%) intenders (participants who intended to quit hookah) in the intervention group quitted hookah while only three (9.4%) intenders in the control group did the same. Twelve months after the intervention, the number of students who successfully quitted hookah was significantly higher in the intervention group (19 out of 71) compared to the control group (6 out of 67). Conclusion: HAPA is a useful model that can be applied in education programs to increase the rate of hookah smoking cessation in university students. © 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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