Conflict of Interest in the Governance of Healthcare System in Iran: Root Causes, Challenges, and Solutions (A Qualitative Study); [تعارض منافع در تولیت نظام سلامت ایران: زمینههای شکلگیری، چالشها و راهکارها)یک مطالعه کیفی(] Publisher



Khanjankhani K ; Takian A ; Mohammadi S M ; Gooshki E S
Source: Journal of Health Administration Published:2025

Abstract

Introduction: The healthcare system, like other sectors of public policy, is vulnerable to conflicts of interest (COI). Considering direct impact of COI on societal health, the emergence COI in the healthcare system carries potential risks to public well-being. This study aimed to determine the origin, challenges, and solutions for managing COI within the governance framework of the Iranian healthcare system. Method: This cross-sectional, empirical qualitative study employed a snowball sampling technique. We identified 50 health experts and conducted semi-structured interviews. We applied inductive approach for data analysis, facilitated by the Atlas Ti9 software. Results: Three primary themes emerged: Origins of COI, Challenges in managing COI situations, and Solutions for managing COI situations. Altogether, we identified 57 codes for these three themes. Conclusion: Cultural, political, managerial, executive, supervisory, and legal contexts contribute to the emergence of COI situations. Nevertheless, challenges- particularly structural, managerial, executive, and policy-related nature in conflict management, may delay COI management. Consequently, effective management of these situations requires addressing structural, institutional, and individual factors, refining policy management, strengthening laws and regulatory mechanisms, and enhancing the role of civil institutions. © 2026 Chinese Laser Press