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Improved Medication Adherence and Health Literacy in Parents of Children With Adhd: Effects of a Targeted Educational Program Publisher



Nv Sharif Nafiseh VALAEI ; P Ghasemzadeh PEIVAND ; N Mohebbi NIAYESH ; S Ghasemzadeh SOGAND
Authors

Source: Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy Published:2025


Abstract

Background: Although medication is important for children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), medication adherence is low among parents. One of the key factors affecting medication adherence and disorder management is health literacy. Objective: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of an educational program for parents of children with ADHD in improving medication adherence and health literacy. Methods: An educational program was developed that covered four main topics: general disorder information, treatment, parenting based on emotional needs, and basic health information. A total of 191 parents were screened and assigned 108 eligible participants to either the intervention group (n = 74) or the control group (n = 35). The intervention group received a two-month educational program delivered via messenger application, while the control group received general counseling. Medication adherence and health literacy were measured before and after the intervention. t-test, ANOVA, ANCOVA, and chi-square test were used to compare group differences. Results: Post-intervention, the intervention group showed significantly higher medication adherence (6.87 ± 1.36) than the control group (5.46 ± 1.45). The intervention group also demonstrated higher health literacy scores (82.34 ± 6.96) than the control group (72.15 ± 6.52). Covariance analysis revealed significant improvements in health literacy (F = 162.73, p < 0.001, eta squared = 0.657) and medication adherence (F = 40.41, p < 0.001, eta squared = 0.322) scores. A significant difference was found in medication adherence improvement based on economic status (p = 0.037) in the intervention group. However, no significant differences in medication adherence and health literacy were observed based on parental gender, education level, or insurance status. Conclusion: The educational program showed improvement in medication adherence and health literacy among parents of children with ADHD. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
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