Stimulants and Neurodegenerative Disorders Publisher



Halabi SE ; Deniz I ; Vahdani B ; Zadeh O ; Virani S
Source: Published:2026

Abstract

Chronic stimulant misuse is associated with an increased risk of neurodegenerative conditions such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, primarily due to processes like oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and synaptic damage. This chapter examines the complex relationship between stimulant use and neurodegenerative disorders. It provides an overview of stimulant use disorder definitions and epidemiology, with a focus on substances such as amphetamines, methamphetamines, and cocaine. The pathophysiology of stimulant dependence is explored, highlighting the disruption of crucial neurotransmitter systems—including dopamine, serotonin, and glutamate—that affect cognitive control and reward mechanisms. Additionally, it reviews neuroimaging findings that demonstrate structural brain changes linked to stimulant dependence. Emphasis is placed on the importance of assessing the interaction between substance use and neurodegeneration, advocating for integrated care approaches involving multidisciplinary collaboration among neurologists, psychiatrists, and other healthcare professionals. The chapter underscores the need for a comprehensive understanding of the stimulant-neurodegeneration link to develop effective, patient-focused treatments and calls for further research to refine therapeutic approaches. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.