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Evaluation of Treatment Response and Survival Outcomes in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Patients Following Surgery With and Without Other Treatment Modalities: A Systematic Review Publisher



Negahban H1 ; Heidari N2, 3 ; Heidari A3, 4 ; Ghane Y3, 5 ; Shirkhoda M6 ; Jalaeefar A6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Cancer Research Center of Cancer institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Research Center for Advanced Technologies in Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Diseases, Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Health Science Reports Published:2025


Abstract

Background and Aims: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare type of malignancy ranking among the most aggressive diseases globally, with an extremely poor prognosis. No optimal standardized treatment has been established yet to promote ATC's prognosis and increase the patients' median survival. We aim to assess the effectiveness of surgery alone or combined with other treatment approaches for ATC patients. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were systematically searched until June 1st, 2023. Study selection was limited to English retrospective studies. A citation search was also performed for the final articles that were included. This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Results: During our search, we came to include 56 articles containing 16,246 patients suffering from ATC. We assessed the overall survival by treatment method and stage, emphasizing surgery's role. The most common efficacious treatment option in patients with resectable cancer is a combination of surgery with adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. However, surgery for stage IVC patients is controversial. Additionally, surgery and multimodality treatment can be affected by patients' characteristics, such as tumor size. Conclusions: Stage IVA and IVB resectable cancers may benefit from the combination of surgery and adjuvant therapies. However, the effectiveness of invasive treatments and the selection of appropriate adjuvant therapy options for IVC-stage patients are still controversial. © 2025 The Author(s). Health Science Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.