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Comprehensive Evaluation of Covid-19 Vaccines Antibody Response Among Healthcare Professionals: A Multi-Center Study in Iran Publisher



Panahi Z1 ; Kianpour P2 ; Sahabnegah S3 ; Niya MHK4, 5 ; Nadji SA6 ; Mourtami R7 ; Najafi A2 ; Jahangiri B8 ; Pourfallah R9 ; Chahabi M10 ; Nouri M11 ; Beiraghdar F12 ; Makiani MJ13
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  4. 4. Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Virology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  9. 9. Department of Anesthesia and intensive Care, Valiasr Hospital, Tehran, Iran
  10. 10. Department of Biochemistry, Shahroud Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahroud, Iran
  11. 11. Department of Nursery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  12. 12. Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  13. 13. Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases Published:2024


Abstract

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines are very good at protecting individuals from serious illness, needing hospital care, and dying from different strains of the virus. However, vaccines might not completely prevent individuals from catching and spreading the virus, and this might depend on some personal factors. Objectives: To find out the immune response of COVID-19 vaccines, this cross-sectional study conducted within June 2021 to May 2023 assessed different types of COVID-19 vaccine antibody responses among healthcare professionals and their associations with demographic factors and comorbidity risk factors. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on recruited healthcare professionals from Sina, Imam Khomeini Complex, 501 AJA, Baqiayatallah, and Firoozgar hospitals in Tehran, Iran. The vaccines whose antibody response was investigated in this study are Sinopharm® (China), AstraZeneca® (United Kingdom), Sputnik® (Russia), and Covaxin® (India). Anti-spike, anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD), and anti-neutralizing immunoglobulin G (IgG) were evaluated by commercial kits according to instructions. Results: This study involved 1 029 healthcare workers who were over 18 years old. The average age was 41.48 ± 9.9 years, and 602 (58.5%) of them were male. The vaccines they received were Sputnik V (392 or 38.16%), AstraZeneca (335 or 32.61%), Baharat (45 or 4.3%), and Sinopharm (255 or 24.82%). The Covaxin and AstraZeneca vaccines increased both anti-RBD and anti-neutralizing IgG Ab levels; however, the Sinopharm vaccine increased only the latter. The Sputnik vaccine was the least effective. Gender and diabetes influenced the antibody levels, but age did not. Conclusions: This study revealed the substantial effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in generating robust antibody responses among healthcare professionals. All four vaccine types, Sinopharm, AstraZeneca, Sputnik, and Covaxin, elicited significant antibody responses in over 70% of participants, highlighting the crucial role of vaccination in building defense against COVID-19. © 2024, Panahi et al.