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Maternal Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles Are Associated With Behavioral Abnormalities in Adulthood: Role of Mitochondria and Innate Immunity in Developmental Toxicity Publisher Pubmed



Amiri S1, 2, 11 ; Yousefiahmadipour A1, 2, 3 ; Hosseini MJ4 ; Hajmirzaian A2 ; Momeny M2 ; Hosseinichegeni H2 ; Mokhtari T5 ; Kharrazi S7 ; Hassanzadeh G8 ; Amini SM7 ; Jafarinejad S2, 9 ; Ghazikhansari M1, 2, 10
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Department of School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Zanjan Applied Pharmacology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
  5. 5. Research Center of Nervous System Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  9. 9. Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  10. 10. Iran Nanosafety Network (INSN) of Iran Nanotechnology Initiative Council (INIC), Tehran, Iran
  11. 11. Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Rady College of Medicine, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada

Source: NeuroToxicology Published:2018


Abstract

Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are currently used in a wide range of consumer products. Considering the small size of Ag-NPs, they are able to pass through variety of biological barriers and exert their effects. In this regard, the unique physicochemical properties of Ag-NPs along with its high application in the industry have raised concerns about their negative effects on human health. Therefore, it investigated whether prenatal exposure to low doses of Ag-NPs is able to induce any abnormality in the cognitive and behavioral performance of adult offspring. We gavaged pregnant NMRI mice with, 1) Deionized water as vehicle, 2) Ag-NPs 10 nm (0.26 mg/kg/day), 3) Ag-NPs 30 nm (0.26 mg/kg/day), and 4) AgNO 3 (0.26 mg/kg/day) from gestational day (GD) 0 until delivery day. At the postnatal day (PD) 1, our results showed that high concentration of silver is present in the brain of pups. Further, we observed mitochondrial dysfunction and upregulation of the genes relevant to innate immune system in the brain. At PD 60, results revealed that prenatal exposure to Ag-NPs provoked severe cognitive and behavioral abnormalities in male offspring. In addition, we found that prenatal exposure to Ag-NPs was associated with abnormal mitochondrial function and significant up-regulation of the genes relevant to innate immunity in the brain. Although the Ag-NPs have been considered as safe compounds at low doses, our results indicate that prenatal exposure to low doses of Ag-NPs is able to induce behavioral and cognitive abnormalities in adulthood. Also, we found that these effects are at least partly associated with hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction and the activation of sterile inflammation during early stages of life. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
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