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Spatial Distribution of Phlebotomine Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) As Phlebovirus Vectors in Different Areas of Iran Publisher Pubmed



Badakhshan M1 ; Yaghoobiershadi MR1 ; Moinvaziri V2 ; Charrel R4 ; Hanafibojd AA1 ; Rezaei F3 ; Akhavan AA1 ; Rassi Y1 ; Oshaghi MA1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Medical Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. UMR ‘Emergence des Pathologies Virales’ (EPV: Aix-Marseille Univ. - IRD 190 - INSERM 1207 - EHESP), Marseille, France

Source: Journal of Medical Entomology Published:2018


Abstract

Sand fly fever is caused by Naples (SFNV) and Sicilian viruses (SFSV) and the closely related Toscana virus of the Phlebovirus genus in the family Bunyaviridae, and transmitted by Phlebotomine sand flies. Phlebotomus papatasi Scopoli, 1786 is known as the main vector of the disease.This study aimed to investigate the distribution of Phlebotomine sand flies as vector of sand fly fever viruses, and the effects of some environmental variables on their potential dispersion to new areas in some provinces of Iran. Sand flies were collected during their active season in the region using CDC light traps. Ecological parameters were recorded for each collection site. Arc GIS 10.3 software was used for data analysis and mapping the distribution of sand flies. Sampling in the study areas was carried out in six different climatic zones. Seventeen sand fly species were collected including eight species of genus Phlebotomus and nine species of genus Sergentomyia.The Medium Semi-Arid climatic zone had the highest species diversity. Fourteen species of sand flies were collected at altitude between 2 and 325 m, and seven species were collected between 326 and 1380 m above sea level.There was significant correlation between sand fly density and all tested environmental variables. Phlebotominae sand flies have wide distribution in Iran and have a major public health concern in the country. P. papatasi and Sergentomyia sintoni Pringle, 1933 prefers hot summers and rainfall.This poses a threat of transmission of sand fly fever caused by SFSV and SFNV across the country. © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved.
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