Quality and Cost of Healthcare Services in Patients With Diabetes in Iran: Results of a Nationwide Short-Term Longitudinal Survey

Quality and Cost of Healthcare Services in Patients With Diabetes in Iran: Results of a Nationwide Short-Term Longitudinal Survey Publisher

Abbasikangevari M¹ ; Mohebi F² ; Ghamari SH¹ ; Modirian M¹ ; Shahbal N¹ ; Ahmadi N¹ ; Farzi Y¹ ; Azmin M¹ ; Roshani S^{1, 3} ; Zokaei H¹ ; Khezrian M¹ ; Seyfi S¹ ; Keykhaei M^{1, 4} ; Gorgani F¹ Show All Authors

Abbasikangevari M¹
Mohebi F²
Ghamari SH¹
Modirian M¹
Shahbal N¹
Ahmadi N¹
Farzi Y¹
Azmin M¹
Roshani S^{1, 3}
Zokaei H¹
Khezrian M¹
Seyfi S¹
Keykhaei M^{1, 4}
Gorgani F¹
Rahimi S¹
Rezaei N^{1, 5}
Khatibzadeh S⁶
Shahraz S⁷

Show Affiliations

1. Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2. Haas School of Business, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
3. The Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, Netherlands
4. Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
5. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
6. Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States
7. Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States

Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology Published:2023

Abstract

Aims: To investigate the journey of patients with diabetes in the healthcare system using nationally-representative patient-reported data. Methods: Participants were recruited using a machine-learning-based sampling method based on healthcare structures and medical outcome data and were followed up for three months. We assessed the resource utilization, direct/indirect costs, and quality of healthcare services. Results: One hundred fifty-eight patients with diabetes participated. The most utilized services were medication purchases (276 times monthly) and outpatient visits (231 times monthly). During the previous year, 90% of respondents had a laboratory fasting blood glucose assessment; however, less than 70% reported a quarterly follow-up physician visit. Only 43% had been asked about any hypoglycemia episodes by their physician. Less than 45% of respondents had been trained for hypoglycemia self-management. The annual average health-related direct cost of a patient with diabetes was 769 USD. The average out-of-pocket share of direct costs was 601 USD (78.15%). Medication purchases, inpatient services, and outpatient services summed up 79.77% of direct costs with a mean of 613 USD. Conclusion: Healthcare services focused solely on glycemic control and the continuity of services for diabetes control was insufficient. Medication purchases, and inpatient and outpatient services imposed the most out-of-pocket costs. Copyright © 2023 Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohebi, Ghamari, Modirian, Shahbal, Ahmadi, Farzi, Azmin, Roshani, Zokaei, Khezrian, Seyfi, Keykhaei, Gorgani, Rahimi, Rezaei, Khatibzadeh and Shahraz.

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Style	Citing Format
MLA	Abbasikangevari M, et al.. "Quality and Cost of Healthcare Services in Patients With Diabetes in Iran: Results of a Nationwide Short-Term Longitudinal Survey." Frontiers in Endocrinology, vol. 14, no. , 2023, pp. -.
APA	Abbasikangevari M, Mohebi F, Ghamari SH, Modirian M, Shahbal N, Ahmadi N, Farzi Y, Azmin M, Roshani S, Zokaei H, Khezrian M, Seyfi S, Keykhaei M, Gorgani F, Rahimi S, Rezaei N, Khatibzadeh S, Shahraz S (2023). Quality and Cost of Healthcare Services in Patients With Diabetes in Iran: Results of a Nationwide Short-Term Longitudinal Survey. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 14(), -.
Chicago	Abbasikangevari M, Mohebi F, Ghamari SH, Modirian M, Shahbal N, Ahmadi N, Farzi Y, et al.. "Quality and Cost of Healthcare Services in Patients With Diabetes in Iran: Results of a Nationwide Short-Term Longitudinal Survey." Frontiers in Endocrinology 14, no. (2023): -.
Harvard	Abbasikangevari M et al. (2023) 'Quality and Cost of Healthcare Services in Patients With Diabetes in Iran: Results of a Nationwide Short-Term Longitudinal Survey', Frontiers in Endocrinology, 14(), pp. -.
Vancouver	Abbasikangevari M, Mohebi F, Ghamari SH, Modirian M, Shahbal N, Ahmadi N, et al.. Quality and Cost of Healthcare Services in Patients With Diabetes in Iran: Results of a Nationwide Short-Term Longitudinal Survey. Frontiers in Endocrinology. 2023;14():-.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Abbasikangevari M and Mohebi F and Ghamari SH and Modirian M and Shahbal N and Ahmadi N and Farzi Y and Azmin M and Roshani S and Zokaei H and Khezrian M and Seyfi S and Keykhaei M and Gorgani F and Rahimi S and Rezaei N and Khatibzadeh S and Shahraz S}, title = {Quality and Cost of Healthcare Services in Patients With Diabetes in Iran: Results of a Nationwide Short-Term Longitudinal Survey}, journal = {Frontiers in Endocrinology}, volume = {14}, number = {}, pages = {-}, year = {2023} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Abbasikangevari M AU - Mohebi F AU - Ghamari SH AU - Modirian M AU - Shahbal N AU - Ahmadi N AU - Farzi Y AU - Azmin M AU - Roshani S AU - Zokaei H AU - Khezrian M AU - Seyfi S AU - Keykhaei M AU - Gorgani F AU - Rahimi S AU - Rezaei N AU - Khatibzadeh S AU - Shahraz S TI - Quality and Cost of Healthcare Services in Patients With Diabetes in Iran: Results of a Nationwide Short-Term Longitudinal Survey JO - Frontiers in Endocrinology VL - 14 IS - SP - EP - PY - 2023 ER -

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