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Experimental Investigation of H3po4 Activated Papaya Peels for Methylene Blue Dye Removal From Aqueous Solution: Evaluation on Optimization, Kinetics, Isotherm, Thermodynamics, and Reusability Studies Publisher Pubmed



Waghmare C1, 2 ; Ghodmare S2 ; Ansari K1 ; Dehghani MH3, 4 ; Amir Khan M5 ; Hasan MA6 ; Islam S6 ; Khan NA7 ; Zahmatkesh S8
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Civil Engineering, Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Nagpur, 441110, India
  2. 2. Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, G. H. Raisoni Amravati University, Amravati, 444701, India
  3. 3. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Center for Solid Waste Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Civil Engineering, Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, 201310, India
  6. 6. Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
  7. 7. Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security (IRC-MWS), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
  8. 8. Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieriay Ciencias, Puebla, Mexico

Source: Journal of Environmental Management Published:2023


Abstract

This investigation is centered on the effectiveness of methylene blue (MB), a cationic dye, adsorbed from an aqueous media by H3PO4 activated papaya skin/peels (PSPAC), with initial pH (2–10), contact time (30–180 min), MB dye concentration (varying from 10 to 50 mg/L), and MB dose (0.1–0.5 gm). The findings show that the best optimal conditions for MB dye removal occur at a 6 pH, 0.3 gm dose of PSPAC adsorbent for 10 mg/L MB dye concentration, with 90 min of contact time. To optimize and validate the extraction efficiency of MB dye, a response surface methodology (RSM) study was conducted using a central composite design (CCD) with a regression model showing R2 = 0.9940. FT-IR spectroscopy shows, C[dbnd]O, and O–H stretching functional groups while FE-SEM is assessed to supervise morphological features of the PSPAC adsorbent. The peak adsorption capacity with 46.95 mg/g for the Langmuir isotherm model conveniently satisfies the adsorption process with R2 = 0.9984 while with R2 = 0.999, a kinetic model, pseudo-second-order, confirms MB dye adsorption by PSPAC adsorbent. Moreover, thermodynamic parameters including ΔGᵒ, ΔH°, and ΔS° were computed and found to be spontaneous and exothermic. Furthermore, regeneration studies employed with NaOH (0.1 M) and HCl (0.1 M) solution media show an acceptable MB removal efficiency consecutive up to three cycles. The study highlights that H3PO4 papaya skin/peel (PSPAC) is an effectual, sustainable, reasonably available biosorbent to remove industrial cationic dyes disposal. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd
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