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The Evaluation of Nosocomial Infections and Risk Factors in Icu Patients



Amini M1 ; Vahidian M2 ; Vaseie M3 ; Gheini M4 ; Davati A5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Shahed University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Shahed University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Emam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of pathology, Shahed University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Social Medicine, Shahed University of Medical Sciences, Teharn, Iran

Source: International Journal of Pharmacy and Technology Published:2016

Abstract

Introduction: Nosocomial infections are those types of infections which occur after 48 h of hospitalization and the patient has not been in the incubation period of another infection. As regards the effectiveness of different antibiotics,the difference in their resistance in different societies,and the importance of the proper use of medication in controlling nosocomial infections,we have decided to determine the prevalence of the bacteria causing nosocomial infections in Mostafa Khomeini hospital in a period of 3 years (2012-2014). Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional study which evaluates the prevalence of nosocomial infections and the risk factors in patients hospitalized in Shahid Mostafa Khomeini Hospital of Tehran in the period of 2012-2014. The study population included all patients with nosocomial infections in Shahid Mostafa Khomeini hospital over the years 2012-2014. The name of all patients with nosocomial infection was extracted using archival lists of nosocomial infection in hospital infection control committee. The data were entered into the SPSS software version 16 and were analyzed using paired t-test,Mann-Whitney,chi-square,and other relevant statistical tests. Results: In this study,286 patients (46.9%) were male and 324 patients (53.1%) were female. The mean patient age was 67.27 ± 21.65 years. Most of the infections’ reports are related to the intensive care unit; pneumonia is the most common infection and Acintobacter is the highest isolated germ. There is a significant relationship between age (p=0.01) and hospitalization period (p>0.001) and the type of bacteria causing infection. Discussion and conclusion: The results show that lung and urinary tract are still the most common areas involved in nosocomial infection. Intensive care,surgery,and internal units have the highest rate of nosocomial infection which can be due to prolonged length of stay of patients in these sectors,existence of several risk factors associated with these patients such as invasive procedure,surgical and underlying diseases,age of the patients hospitalized in these sectors,and indiscriminate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics for the treatment of patients hospitalized in these sectors. © 2016,International Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. All rights reserved.