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In Vivo and in Vitro Efficacy of the Ithmid Kohl/Zinc-Oxide Nanoparticles, Ithmid Kohl/Aloe Vera, and Zinc-Oxide Nanoparticles/Aloe Vera for the Treatment of Bacterial Endophthalmitis Publisher Pubmed



Obaid Hasson S1 ; Kamil Hasan H2 ; Abdul Kadhem Salman S3 ; Judi HK4 ; Akrami S5, 6 ; Saki M6 ; Adil Hasan M7 ; Fares Hashem D7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Medical Biotechnology Department, College of Biotechnology, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon, 51013, Iraq
  2. 2. College of Pharmacy, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq
  3. 3. Microbiology Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon, 51013, Iraq
  4. 4. Department of Medical Physics, Hilla University College, Babylon, Iraq
  5. 5. Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
  7. 7. Babylon Veterinary Hospital, Agricultural Ministry, Babylon, Iraq

Source: Scientific Reports Published:2024


Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of the ithmid kohl/zinc-oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs), ithmid kohl/Aloe vera, and ZnONPs/Aloe vera in the treatment of bacterial endophthalmitis. The endophthalmitis model was prepared by contaminating both eyes of 24 healthy adult male albino rabbits with a clinical isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae. The animals were randomly divided into eight groups (A-H) according to the treatment. Group A received 1 ml of ithmid kohl/ZnONPs ointment, group B received 1 ml of ithmid kohl/Aloe vera gel ointment, group C received 1 ml of ZnONPs/Aloe vera gel ointment, and groups D, E, and F were treated with 1 ml of ithmid kohl solution (0.5 g/ml in distilled water), 1 ml of ZnONPs (0.5 g/ml) colloidal dispersion, and 1 ml of Aloe vera gel, respectively. Group G received 100 μl of a tetracycline antibiotic solution (final concentration: 16 µg/ml), and group H received sterile distilled water (no treatment). In vitro antibacterial activity was evaluated against K. pneumoniae using the agar well diffusion. The combination of ithmid kohl/ZnONPs was the most effective formulation for treating endophthalmitis model in infected rabbits within 2 days. In vitro antibacterial assay confirmed the potential of the ithmid kohl/ZnONPs formulation, which had the largest zone of inhibition (31 mm) among the compounds tested. The preparation of the ithmid kohl/ZnONPs formulation and its in vivo experiment in albino rabbits for the treatment of bacterial endophthalmitis was an innovative approach that has shown promise and may potentially serve as a viable alternative in clinical practice. © The Author(s) 2024.
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