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Distribution of Fluoride Contamination in Drinking Water Resources and Health Risk Assessment Using Geographic Information System, Northwest Iran Publisher Pubmed



Yousefi M1 ; Ghalehaskar S2 ; Asghari FB1 ; Ghaderpoury A3 ; Dehghani MH1, 4 ; Ghaderpoori M5 ; Mohammadi AA6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Instructor of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Jiroft University of Medcial Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
  3. 3. Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Institute for Environmental Research, Center for Solid Waste Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran

Source: Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology Published:2019


Abstract

This paper considers exposure to the concentration of fluoride in drinking water resources of Showt city in West Azerbaijan Province in, Iran, and its related potential health risk assessment issues to the resident populations. For this purpose, 88 drinking water samples were analyzed in 2016 by using the spectrophotometric method. Non-carcinogenic health risks due to F exposure through consumption of drinking water were assessed using the US EPA method. In addition, the associated zoning maps of the obtained results were presented using a geographic information system (GIS). The results indicated that fluoride concentration in drinking water ranged from 0.0 to 5.5 mg L−1 of the study area. Based on this research, 36.36% of the samples had a fluoride level higher than the permissible level, 13.63% had less than the permissible limit, and 50% of the samples had a level within the optimum limit of 0.5–1.5 mg L−1. The Hazard Quotient index (HQ) for children, teenager and adults had health hazards (HQ > 1) in 54.55%, 31.82%, and 22.73% of samples, respectively. Groundwater resources having a risk of more than one were located in the villages of Khilajajam, Kolos, and Shorboulagh. So, in these study areas, there are potential risks of dental and skeletal fluorosis. © 2019 Elsevier Inc.
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