Microbial Quality and Physical–Chemical Characteristics of Thermal Springs

Microbial Quality and Physical–Chemical Characteristics of Thermal Springs Publisher Pubmed

Fazlzadeh M¹ ; Sadeghi H¹ ; Bagheri P¹ ; Poureshg Y² ; Rostami R³

Show Affiliations

1. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
2. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran

Source: Environmental Geochemistry and Health Published:2016

Abstract

Microbial quality and physical–chemical properties of recreational spas were surveyed to investigate the health aspect of the spas’ water. A total of 195 samples were collected from pools and springs of the spas in five sites from Ardebil Province of Iran. The effects of an independent factor defined as ‘condition’ and its component sub-factors (i.e., sampling point, location, and sampling date) on microbial quality and physical–chemical properties of the spas were studied by applying path analysis. The influence of physical–chemical properties on microbial quality was also considered. The percentage of samples exceeding the ISIRI (Swimming pool water microbiological specifications (vol 9412), Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran, Tehran, 2007) limits for Staphylococcus (spp.) was up to 55.8 in the springs and 87.8 in the pools, 58.1 and 99.2 for HPC, 90.7 and 97.8 for total coliform and fecal coliform, and 9.3 and 34.4 for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. There were significant differences between the pools and springs for both physical–chemical properties and microbial quality. From the path analysis, sampling point was the most effective sub-factor of ‘condition’ on both the physical–chemical properties and microbial quality. Among the physical–chemical properties, water color had the most enhancing or additive influence on microbial pollution, while EC indicated a reducing or subtractive effect. © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.

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Style	Citing Format
MLA	Fazlzadeh M, et al.. "Microbial Quality and Physical–Chemical Characteristics of Thermal Springs." Environmental Geochemistry and Health, vol. 38, no. 2, 2016, pp. 413-422.
APA	Fazlzadeh M, Sadeghi H, Bagheri P, Poureshg Y, Rostami R (2016). Microbial Quality and Physical–Chemical Characteristics of Thermal Springs. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 38(2), 413-422.
Chicago	Fazlzadeh M, Sadeghi H, Bagheri P, Poureshg Y, Rostami R. "Microbial Quality and Physical–Chemical Characteristics of Thermal Springs." Environmental Geochemistry and Health 38, no. 2 (2016): 413-422.
Harvard	Fazlzadeh M et al. (2016) 'Microbial Quality and Physical–Chemical Characteristics of Thermal Springs', Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 38(2), pp. 413-422.
Vancouver	Fazlzadeh M, Sadeghi H, Bagheri P, Poureshg Y, Rostami R. Microbial Quality and Physical–Chemical Characteristics of Thermal Springs. Environmental Geochemistry and Health. 2016;38(2):413-422.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Fazlzadeh M and Sadeghi H and Bagheri P and Poureshg Y and Rostami R}, title = {Microbial Quality and Physical–Chemical Characteristics of Thermal Springs}, journal = {Environmental Geochemistry and Health}, volume = {38}, number = {2}, pages = {413-422}, year = {2016} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Fazlzadeh M AU - Sadeghi H AU - Bagheri P AU - Poureshg Y AU - Rostami R TI - Microbial Quality and Physical–Chemical Characteristics of Thermal Springs JO - Environmental Geochemistry and Health VL - 38 IS - 2 SP - 413 EP - 422 PY - 2016 ER -

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