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Association Between Overweight/Obesity With Depression, Anxiety, Low Self-Esteem, and Body Dissatisfaction in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies Publisher Pubmed



Moradi M1 ; Mozaffari H2, 3 ; Askari M2 ; Azadbakht L1, 2, 4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
  4. 4. Diabetes Research Center Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition Published:2021


Abstract

Purpose: Childhood and Adolescent overweight and obesity may be associated with psychological problems. We aimed to conduct a systematic review and summarize published articles on the association between overweight/obesity with risk of depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, and body dissatisfaction among children and adolescents. Methods: PubMed and Scopus databases were used to conduct a comprehensive search and identify eligible literature published prior to July 2020. The random-effects models (DerSimonian–Laird method) were applied to pool the effect sizes. Subgroup analysis was performed to find potential sources of heterogeneity. Results: 28 studies (3 prospective cohorts and 25 cross-sectional) were included in the current systematic review and meta-analysis. The total sample sizes ranged from 244 to 60252. A positive significant association was found between overweight (pooled risk estimate: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.00–1.31, P = 0.04) and obesity (pooled risk estimate: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.16–2.02, P = 0.003) with risk of low self-esteem, respectively. A significant positive association was found between obesity and risk of body dissatisfaction (pooled risk estimate: 4.05, 95% CI: 2.34–7.023, P = 0.0001). Moreover, no association was found between overweight and risk of body dissatisfaction among children and adolescents. Also, no association was observed between overweight/obesity and risk of depression and anxiety. Conclusions: Findings showed a positive association between obesity and the risk of body dissatisfaction and low self-esteem among children and adolescents. Moreover, there was a significant positive association between overweight and the risk of low self-esteem. © 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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