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Volumetric Analysis of the Hypothalamic Subunits in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Publisher Pubmed



Mohammadi M1, 2 ; Oghabian MA1, 2 ; Ghaderi S3 ; Jalali M1, 2 ; Samadi S4, 5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Neuroimaging and Analysis Group, Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Advanced Medical Technologies and Equipment Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Sleep Breathing Disorders Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Brain and Behavior Published:2024


Abstract

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep disorder that is associated with structural brain damage and cognitive impairment. The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in regulating sleep and wakefulness. We aimed to evaluate hypothalamic subunit volumes in patients with OSA. Methods: We enrolled 30 participants (15 patients with OSA and 15 healthy controls (HC)). Patients with OSA underwent complete overnight polysomnography (PSG) examination. All the participants underwent MRI. The hypothalamic subunit volumes were calculated using a segmentation technique that trained a 3D convolutional neural network. Results: Although hypothalamus subunit volumes were comparable between the HC and OSA groups (lowest p =.395), significant negative correlations were found in OSA patients between BMI and whole left hypothalamus volume (R = –0.654, p =.008), as well as between BMI and left posterior volume (R = –0.556, p =.032). Furthermore, significant positive correlations were found between ESS and right anterior inferior volume (R = 0.548, p =.042), minimum SpO2 and the whole left hypothalamus (R = 0.551, p =.033), left tubular inferior volumes (R = 0.596, p =.019), and between the percentage of REM stage and left anterior inferior volume (R = 0.584, p =.022). Conclusions: While there were no notable differences in the hypothalamic subunit volumes between the OSA and HC groups, several important correlations were identified in the OSA group. These relationships suggest that factors related to sleep apnea severity could affect hypothalamic structure in patients. © 2024 The Author(s). Brain and Behavior published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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