Prevalence of Osteoporosis in Prostate Cancer Survivor Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol Publisher Pubmed



M Ebrahimi MEHDI ; A Mohammadi ABDOLREZA ; S Sarmadi SOGAND ; R Rahimnia RAMIN ; A Zarekaseb AKBAR ; Lo Reis Leonardo OLIVEIRA ; A Namazi Shabestari ALIREZA ; Smk Aghamir Seyed Mohammad KAZEM
Source: BMJ Open Published:2025

Abstract

Introduction Osteoporosis is a skeletal condition with decreased bone mass and structural deterioration, increasing fracture vulnerability. Several studies have found a correlation between prostate cancer in men and an increased risk of osteoporosis. This study aims to determine the prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with prostate cancer. Methods and analysis The primary objective of this study will be to estimate the prevalence of osteoporosis in prostate cancer survivor patients. An extensive search will be conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL and ProQuest databases to ensure comprehensive coverage. The search will encompass the timeframe from 1 January 1994 to 24 September 2024. Furthermore, we will not impose any limitations on the language or geographical location of the published studies. In order to assess the potential bias in the included studies, the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for prevalence studies will be employed. The analysis of data will be performed using STATA V.17. The prevalence of osteoporosis or osteopenia will be calculated for each study by dividing the number of participants with these conditions by the total number of patients diagnosed with prostate cancer. A subgroup analysis will examine prevalence regarding geographical location, age groups, ethnicity, definitions and measurements of osteoporosis or osteopenia, risk of bias in the included studies, type and duration of androgen deprivation therapy, and site of osteoporosis diagnosis. We will employ multiple methods to detect publication bias, including funnel plot analysis, Begg's and Egger's tests, and the Trim and Fill method. If we have enough data, we will conduct a sensitivity analysis using the leave-one-out-remove method. Ethics and dissemination No ethical approval or patient consent is required as this study synthesises only published aggregate data. Results will be disseminated via a peer-reviewed publication. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.