Gold Nanoparticle-Based Diagnostic Strip for Rapid Detection of Epstein–Barr Virus in Multiple Sclerosis Publisher



Sahraian MA ; Khosravi S ; Orangi K ; Sharif SB ; Khodaparast S
Source: ChemistrySelect Published:2026

Abstract

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is a significant global health concern due to its association with malignancies and autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis. Rapid, accessible detection methods are essential, especially in resource-limited settings. Although polymerase chain reaction (PCR) remains the gold standard, its high cost and complexity underscore the need for simpler alternatives. This study presents a visual, user-friendly biosensor using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for point-of-care detection of EBV DNA. A specific DNA probe was synthesized and conjugated to ∼30 nm spherical AuNPs via thiol linkages. Target EBV DNA induced nanoparticle aggregation, and subsequent HCl addition caused a distinct color change from red to blue, enabling visual detection. The biosensor achieved a detection limit of 200 pmol and produced results within 5 min. Nanoparticle uniformity and stability were confirmed through characterization. Compared to PCR, the biosensor demonstrated comparable specificity in cross-validation experiments, while offering superior speed, cost-effectiveness, and operational simplicity. This AuNP-based biosensor represents a promising, low-cost diagnostic tool for rapid EBV screening, particularly in low-resource environments. Further validation with diverse clinical samples is recommended to enhance reliability and support broader application. © 2026 Wiley-VCH GmbH.