The Prevalence of Strabismus in 7-Year-Old Schoolchildren in Iran

The Prevalence of Strabismus in 7-Year-Old Schoolchildren in Iran Publisher Pubmed

Hashemi H¹ ; Yekta A² ; Jafarzadehpur E³ ; Ostadimoghaddam H² ; Eshrati B⁴ ; Mohazzabtorabi S¹ ; Khabazkhoob M⁵ ; Soroush S⁶

Show Affiliations

1. Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran
2. Department of Optometry, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
3. Department of Optometry, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4. Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
5. Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
6. Department of Optometry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Strabismus Published:2015

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of tropia and phoria in Iran and their association with some related factors. Methods: In a cross-sectional population-based study, multistage randomized cluster sampling was used to select participants from among grade 1 students in the primary schools of 7 cities of Iran. After obtaining their parents' approval, the students underwent the measurement of uncorrected and corrected visual acuity, cycloplegic refraction, and cover test. Distant and near cover test were performed at 6m and 40cm, respectively, with the best corrected visual acuity. Tropia and phoria were measured separately. Results: Of 4157 selected students, 3675 participated in the study. The prevalence of strabismus was 1.68% (95% CI 1.13-2.23). The prevalence of strabismus was 2.17% (95% CI 1.06-3.29) in boys and 1.27% (95% CI 0.57-1.96) in girls (p=0.216). Moreover, 1.27% (95% CI 0.82-1.72) of the children had exotropia and 0.44% (95% CI 0.22-0.65) had esotropia. The prevalence of constant and intermittent strabismus was 0.73% (95% CI 0.26-1.19) and 0.96% (95% CI 0.55-1.36), respectively. Phoria was detected in 32.98% (95% CI 24.25-41.71) of the children in this study. The prevalence of residual amblyopia was 23.77% (95% CI 9.45-38.08) in strabismic and 1.43% (95% CI 0.09-1.96) in non-strabismic children (p<0.001). The odds of strabismus were significantly higher in hyperopic and astigmatic children. Conclusion: This study showed the prevalence of tropia and phoria across Iran. Exotropia was the most common type of tropia in Iran and intermittent strabismus was the most common type of strabismus. Due to prevalent amblyopia in strabismus, attention should be directed toward careful screening and treatment. © 2015 Informa Healthcare USA, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Style	Citing Format
MLA	Hashemi H, et al.. "The Prevalence of Strabismus in 7-Year-Old Schoolchildren in Iran." Strabismus, vol. 23, no. 1, 2015, pp. 1-7.
APA	Hashemi H, Yekta A, Jafarzadehpur E, Ostadimoghaddam H, Eshrati B, Mohazzabtorabi S, Khabazkhoob M, Soroush S (2015). The Prevalence of Strabismus in 7-Year-Old Schoolchildren in Iran. Strabismus, 23(1), 1-7.
Chicago	Hashemi H, Yekta A, Jafarzadehpur E, Ostadimoghaddam H, Eshrati B, Mohazzabtorabi S, Khabazkhoob M, Soroush S. "The Prevalence of Strabismus in 7-Year-Old Schoolchildren in Iran." Strabismus 23, no. 1 (2015): 1-7.
Harvard	Hashemi H et al. (2015) 'The Prevalence of Strabismus in 7-Year-Old Schoolchildren in Iran', Strabismus, 23(1), pp. 1-7.
Vancouver	Hashemi H, Yekta A, Jafarzadehpur E, Ostadimoghaddam H, Eshrati B, Mohazzabtorabi S, et al.. The Prevalence of Strabismus in 7-Year-Old Schoolchildren in Iran. Strabismus. 2015;23(1):1-7.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Hashemi H and Yekta A and Jafarzadehpur E and Ostadimoghaddam H and Eshrati B and Mohazzabtorabi S and Khabazkhoob M and Soroush S}, title = {The Prevalence of Strabismus in 7-Year-Old Schoolchildren in Iran}, journal = {Strabismus}, volume = {23}, number = {1}, pages = {1-7}, year = {2015} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Hashemi H AU - Yekta A AU - Jafarzadehpur E AU - Ostadimoghaddam H AU - Eshrati B AU - Mohazzabtorabi S AU - Khabazkhoob M AU - Soroush S TI - The Prevalence of Strabismus in 7-Year-Old Schoolchildren in Iran JO - Strabismus VL - 23 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 7 PY - 2015 ER -

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