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Association Between Human Herpesviruses and Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Publisher Pubmed



Khalesi Z1 ; Tamrchi V2 ; Razizadeh MH3 ; Letafati A1 ; Moradi P4 ; Habibi A5 ; Habibi N5 ; Heidari J6 ; Noori M7, 8 ; Nahid Samiei M9 ; Azarash Z10 ; Hoseini M3 ; Saadati H11 ; Bahavar A2 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Khalesi Z1
  2. Tamrchi V2
  3. Razizadeh MH3
  4. Letafati A1
  5. Moradi P4
  6. Habibi A5
  7. Habibi N5
  8. Heidari J6
  9. Noori M7, 8
  10. Nahid Samiei M9
  11. Azarash Z10
  12. Hoseini M3
  13. Saadati H11
  14. Bahavar A2
  15. Farajzade M12
  16. Saeb S13
  17. Hadadi M14
  18. Sorouri Majd M15
  19. Mothlaghzadeh S3
  20. Fazli P16
  21. Asgari K17
  22. Kiani SJ3
  23. Ghorbani S3
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Microbiology of Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golesatn, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medical, Urmia University, West Azarbaijan, Urmia, Iran
  7. 7. Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  9. 9. Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
  10. 10. Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
  11. 11. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
  12. 12. Faculty of Paramedicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
  13. 13. Medical Virology Student, Department of Virology, Lorestan University of Medical Science, Khorramabad, Iran
  14. 14. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
  15. 15. Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicl, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
  16. 16. Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran
  17. 17. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran

Source: Microbial Pathogenesis Published:2023


Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and potential association between infection with different herpes viruses and multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: A systematic literature search was performed by finding relevant cross-sectional and case-control studies from a large online database. Heterogeneity, Odds ratio (OR), and corresponding 95% Confidence interval (CI) were applied to all studies by meta-analysis and forest plots. The analysis was performed using Stata Software v.14. Results: One hundred and thirty-four articles (289 datasets) were included in the meta-analysis, 128 (245 datasets) of which were case/control and the rest were cross-sectional. The pooled prevalence of all human herpes viruses among MS patients was 50% (95% CI: 45–55%; I2 = 96.91%). In subgroup analysis, the pooled prevalence of Herpes simplex virus (HSV), Varicella-zoster virus (VZV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6), Human herpes virus 7 (HHV-7), and Human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8) was 32%, 52%, 74%, 41%, 39% 28%, and 28%, respectively. An association was found between infection with human herpes viruses and MS [summary OR 2.07 (95% CI (1.80–2.37); I2 = 80%)]. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that EBV, VZV, and HHV-6 infection are associated with multiple sclerosis and can be considered as potential risk factors for MS. Although the exact molecular mechanism of the role of herpes viruses in the development of MS is still unknown, it seems that molecular mimicry, the release of autoreactive antibodies, and inflammation in the CNS following viral infection can be important factors in the induction of MS. © 2023
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