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Depression, Anxiety, and Psychological Distress Are Related to Dietary Diversity Score Publisher



Rajabi B1, 7 ; Feizi A2, 5 ; Esmaillzadeh A3 ; Hassanzadeh Keshteli A4, 6 ; Afshar H5 ; Adibi P6 ; Kafeshani M1, 7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Psychosomatic Research Center, Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
  5. 5. Psychosomatic Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  6. 6. Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: Topics in Clinical Nutrition Published:2025


Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the association between the dietary diversity score, depression, anxiety, and psychological distress in healthy adults. In this cross-sectional study of 3362 adults, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and General Health Questionnaires were used to assess anxiety, depression, and psychological distress, respectively. Dietary intake was assessed by a validated 106-item self-managed dish-based food frequency questionnaire. The lower level of dietary diversity score (tertile 1) in the total population and women were associated with a higher risk of depression and psychological stress. After adjustment for various confounders in the final model, the associations remained significant supporting the association among dietary diversity, depression, anxiety, and psychological distress. © 2025 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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