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Indicated and Non-Indicated Antibiotic Administration During Pregnancy and Its Effect on Pregnancy Outcomes: Role of Inflammation Publisher Pubmed



Ghazanfari T1 ; Norooznezhad AH2 ; Javidan S1 ; Norouz L1 ; Farzanehdoust A1 ; Mansouri K2 ; Ahmadi MH5 ; Mostafaei S2, 6 ; Javadian P7 ; Sheikh M3, 4 ; Hantoushzadeh S3, 4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  3. 3. Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Breastfeeding Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Inflammation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, OK, United States

Source: International Immunopharmacology Published:2020


Abstract

The objective of this study was to compare the release of endotoxin and pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as pregnancy outcomes after antibiotic exposure in healthy and bacterial infected pregnant rats. Thirty female Wistar pregnant rats were divided into five groups. Group A considered as control and received intraperitoneal saline 0.9% on 17th day of gestation or DG) and groups B and C treated with 20 mg/kg/day intravenous ceftriaxone and ceftazidime, respectively (DG: 18–20). Groups D and E received intraperitoneal E. coli and LPS on 17th DG respectively. Also, groups F and G received the same treatment as group D but they treated with the exact antibiotics mentioned for groups B and C (same dose and duration). Pregnancy outcomes as well as maternal sera levels of endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. It was shown that group B had a higher IL-1β (P = 0.003) and TNF-α (P = 0.003) levels compared to the controls (CTC). Group C expressed a lower gestational duration (P = 0.007) as well as higher IL-6 (P = 0.025) and TNF-α (P < 0.001) levels CTC. Interestingly, both group B (P = 0.021) and C (P < 0.001) had a higher rate of endotoxin release CTC. Moreover, in group C, IL-6 (P < 0.0001 and r = −0.941) had a significant correlation with gestational duration. As the results showed, antibiotic administration in non-indication condition seems to be associated with significantly higher production of endotoxin and inflammatory cytokines which increase the risk of poor pregnancy outcomes. © 2020
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