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Nectarine Core-Derived Magnetite Biochar for Ultrasound-Assisted Preconcentration of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pahs) in Tomato Paste: A Cost-Effective and Sustainable Approach Publisher



Azari A1, 2 ; Kamani H3 ; Sarkhosh M4 ; Vatankhah N5 ; Yousefi M6 ; Mahmoudimoghaddam H7 ; Razavinasab SA1 ; Masoudi MR1 ; Sadeghi R1 ; Sharifi N1 ; Yaghmaeain K8
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
  2. 2. National Elites Foundation, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Pharmaceutical, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
  7. 7. Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Food Chemistry: X Published:2024


Abstract

A novel ultrasound-assisted magnetic solid-phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (US-MSPE-GC/MS) was developed to detect trace amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in tomato paste, using a magnetic biochar adsorbent derived from nectarine cores. The highest extraction recovery was attained under 10 mg adsorbent mass, 30 min extraction time, 9 % (w/v) sodium chloride, and elution with 200 μL of dichloromethane. Under optimum conditions, the method demonstrated excellent linearity (R2 > 0.992) across a wide concentration range (0.01-100 ng g−1) with high sensitivity (LODs: 0.028-0.053 ng g−1, LOQs: 0.094-0.176 ng g−1) and good repeatability (RSDs <5.96 %). The application of the US-MSPE-GC/MS method was tested on four brands of real tomato paste and no PAHs were detected in unspiked samples, indicating no background contamination. This method showed high relative recoveries 88.03-98.52 %) and good reproducibility (<9.19 %.) at two concentration levels, confirming its effectiveness for PAH analysis in real samples. © 2024
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