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Identification and Assessment of Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida Species Based on Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Immunocompromised and Critically Ill Patients Publisher



Rezaei R1, 2 ; Aliannejad R3 ; Falahati M2 ; Ghasemi Z4 ; Ashrafikhozani M5, 6 ; Fattahi M7, 8 ; Razavi T2 ; Farahyar S1, 2
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Microbial Biotechnology Research Center (MBiRC), School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Medical Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
  6. 6. Invasive Fungi Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
  7. 7. Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Children’s Medical Center, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Iranian Journal of Microbiology Published:2024


Abstract

Background and Objectives: The presence of fungi in the respiratory tract as mycobiome, particularly Candida species (spp.), remains a serious problem due to increasing numbers of immunocompromised patients. The confirmed reliable ex-istence of these pathogens due to frequent colonization is essential. This investigation aimed to recognize Candida spp. among isolates from bronchoalveolar lavage of immunocompromised and critically ill patients and to evaluate their susceptibility to antimycotic drugs. Materials and Methods: Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected from 161 hospitalized patients presenting with sus-pected respiratory fungal infection/colonization. The specimens were examined by standard molecular and mycological assays. Candida spp. were recognized with sequence assessment of the D1-D2 section of the large subunit ribosomal DNA. The susceptibility of Candida isolates to common antimycotic drugs was distinguished by standard broth microdilution. Results: Seventy-one clinical isolates of Candida spp. were recognized. Candida albicans was the most frequent, followed by C. glabrata, C. krusei (Pichia kudriavzevii), C. dubliniensis, C. parapsilosis, and C. tropicalis. We found 5.1% of C. albi-cans isolates and 8% of C. glabrata isolates to show resistance to fluconazole. The whole of the Candida spp. were sensitive to amphotericin B and caspofungin. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that C. albicans and C. glabrata are the most common isolates of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in patients, and the drug susceptibility screening confirmed that amphotericin B and caspofungin are effective against Candida spp. but some C. glabrata and C. albicans isolates showed resistance to fluconazole. © 2024 The Authors.
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