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Evaluation of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen 1 Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (Tumor Cells and Peritumoral T-Lymphocytes) and Verrucous Carcinoma and Comparison With Normal Oral Mucosa Publisher Pubmed



Derakhshan S1 ; Poosti A2 ; Razavi AE3 ; Moosavi MA4 ; Mahdavi N1 ; Naieni FB1 ; Hesari KK5 ; Rahpeima A2
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Department, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Cancer Institute of Iran, Iran National Tumor Bank, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Molecular Medicine Department, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Dermatopathology Department, Tehran, Iran

Source: Journal of Applied Oral Science Published:2021


Abstract

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) is used as a prognostic marker for recurrence of squamous cell carcinoma in various sites, including head and neck. Studies suggest that its high serum levels are correlated to some clinical features, such as nodal metastasis. However, it is still unknown if high SCCA in patients with SCCA tissue expression in tumor cells are related to peripheral T-lymphocytes. Therefore, we did this study to evaluate SCCA expression in squamous cell carcinoma and verrucous carcinoma and to compare it with normal oral mucosa, also investigating the correlation between serum-based and tissue-based antigen levels. Methodology: In this study, the immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique was used to determine the SCCA1 expression pattern in 81 specimens divided into 3 groups, including oral squamous cell carcinoma, verrucous carcinoma, and normal oral mucosa. Serum-based and tissue-based antigen levels of 20 oral squamous cell carcinoma cases were compared by the western blot assay. SCCA expression was also evaluated and compared in both tumor cells and peripheral T-lymphocytes by the immunofluorescence assay. Results: Our results showed that the SCCA levels in SCC specimens were significantly lower than in verrucous carcinoma and normal and hyperplastic oral mucosa specimens. We found no correlation between the IHC expression of SCCA and serum levels. SCCA was well expressed in both tumor cells and peripheral T-lymphocytes. Conclusion: Decreasing SCCA in SCC specimens suggested that SCC tumor cells may affect more than the serum levels of SCCA in some patients. In addition, expression of SCCA in peripheral T-lymphocytes showed that both tumor cells and T-lymphocytes may cause serum SCCA. © 2021, Faculdade De Odontologia De Bauru. All rights reserved.