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Adiponectin Receptor 1 Could Explain the Sex Differences in Molecular Basis of Cognitive Improvements Induced by Exercise Training in Type 2 Diabetic Rats Publisher Pubmed



Rajizadeh MA1, 2, 3 ; Moslemizadeh A4 ; Hosseini MS2 ; Rafiei F5 ; Soltani Z6 ; Khoramipour K1, 2
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  2. 2. Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  3. 3. Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Immunology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Health Solutions, College of (CHS), Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
  6. 6. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

Source: Scientific Reports Published:2023


Abstract

Adipokines dysregulation, the main reason for cognitive impairments (CI) induced by diabetes, shows a sex-dependent pattern inherently and in response to exercise. This study aimed to compare the attenuating effect of 8-week high intensity-interval training (HIIT) on type 2 diabetes (T2D)-induced CI between male and female rats with a special focus on adiponectin and leptin. 28 male & 28 female Wistar rats with an average age of 8 weeks were randomly assigned into four groups: control (Con), exercise (EX), Diabetes (T2D), and Type 2 diabetes + exercise (T2D + Ex). Rats in EX and T2D + EX groups performed HIIT for eight weeks (80–100% Vmax, 4–10 intervals). T2D was induced by 2 months of a high-fat diet and a single dose of STZ (35 mg/kg) administration. Leptin and adiponectin levels in serum were measured along with hippocampal expression of leptin and adiponectin receptors, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), dephosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (Dep-GSK3β), Tau, and beta-amyloid (Aβ). Homeostasis model assessments (HOMAs) and quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI) indices were calculated. Our results showed that following T2D, serum levels of APN, and hippocampal levels of adiponectin receptor 1 (APNR1) were higher and HOMA-IR was lower in female than male rats (P < 0.05). However, after 8 weeks of HIIT, hippocampal levels of APNR1 and AMPK as well as QUICKI were lower and hippocampal levels of GSK, Tau, and Aβ were higher in females compared to male rats (P < 0.05). While the risk of CI following T2D was more in male than female rats HIIT showed a more ameliorating effect in male animals with APN1 as the main player. © 2023, Springer Nature Limited.
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