Hyperuricemia in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Is It Associated With the Neuropsychiatric Manifestations of the Disease?; [Hiperuricemia No Lupus Eritematoso Sistemico: Esta Associada a Manifestacoes Neuropsiquiatricas Da Doenca?] Publisher Pubmed



Sheikh M¹ ; Movassaghi S¹ ; Khaledi M² ; Moghaddassi M¹ Show Affiliations
Source: Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia Published:2016

Abstract

Objectives: To assess the association between hyperuricemia and different neuropsychiatric manifestations and stroke risk factors in systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Methods: This study was conducted on 204 SLE patients who were admitted to a tertiary referral center. A standardized questionnaire was completed for all the participants and the medical records were reviewed regarding the occurrence of arterial or venous throm- botic events, stroke, seizure, depression, headache, psychosis, and peripheral neuropathy. In addition blood samples were drawn to obtain serum uric acid, triglyceride (TG), highdensity lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and total cholesterol levels. Results: Hyperuricemia (serum uric acid ≥ 6 mg/dl for women and ≥ 7 mg/dl for men) was detected in 16.1% of SLE patients and was significantly associated with the occurrence of stroke (OR, 2.38; 95%CI, 1.2-7.24), and peripheral neuropathy (OR, 3.49; 95% CI, 1.52-12.23), independent of hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Hyperuricemia was also significantly associated with hypertension (OR, 7.76; 95% CI, 2.72-15.76), hyperlipidemia (OR, 5.05; 95% CI, 1.59-11.32), and history of arterial thrombosis (OR, 4.95; 95% CI, 1.98-15.34), independent of age and body mass index. Conclusions: Hyperuricemia in SLE patients is independently associated with the occurrence of stroke and peripheral neuropathy. It is also independently associated with hyperten- sion, hyperlipidemia, and history of arterial thrombosis, which are the major stroke and myocardial infarction risk factors in SLE patients. © 2015 Elsevier Editora Ltda.