Dinitrotoluene

Dinitrotoluene Publisher

Ataei M^{1, 2} ; Maghsoudi AS^{1, 2} ; Hassani S^{1, 2}

Show Affiliations

1. Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran, Iran
2. Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran

Source: Encyclopedia of Toxicology# Fourth Edition: Volume 1-9 Published:2023

Abstract

Dinitrotoluene (DNT) is made by combining toluene and nitric acid. Although DNT may occur as six isomers, most information pertains to 2,4-DNT (121-14-2) and 2,6-DNT (606-20-2), or technical-grade DNT, which is a mixture of these isomers. DNT is an intermediate in the production of toluene diisocyanate and is also used in commercial and military explosives. DNTs may occur as a contaminant of various environmental media, including soil, surface water, and groundwater. Results of studies in animals document DNT-induced methemoglobinemia, neurotoxicity, liver toxicity, reduced survival, and carcinogenic effects. Methemoglobinemia has been documented in workers exposed to DNT. Both 2,4-DNT and 2,6-DNT are considered possible human carcinogens. Human exposure would most likely occur in occupational settings using or manufacturing DNT. As well, ecotoxicology is a crucial concern regarding different DNT components. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Style	Citing Format
MLA	Ataei M, Maghsoudi AS, Hassani S. "Dinitrotoluene." Encyclopedia of Toxicology# Fourth Edition: Volume 1-9, vol. 3, no. , 2023, pp. V3-829.
APA	Ataei M, Maghsoudi AS, Hassani S (2023). Dinitrotoluene. Encyclopedia of Toxicology# Fourth Edition: Volume 1-9, 3(), V3-829.
Chicago	Ataei M, Maghsoudi AS, Hassani S. "Dinitrotoluene." Encyclopedia of Toxicology# Fourth Edition: Volume 1-9 3, no. (2023): V3-829.
Harvard	Ataei M, Maghsoudi AS, Hassani S (2023) 'Dinitrotoluene', Encyclopedia of Toxicology# Fourth Edition: Volume 1-9, 3(), pp. V3-829.
Vancouver	Ataei M, Maghsoudi AS, Hassani S. Dinitrotoluene. Encyclopedia of Toxicology# Fourth Edition: Volume 1-9. 2023;3():V3-829.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Ataei M and Maghsoudi AS and Hassani S}, title = {Dinitrotoluene}, journal = {Encyclopedia of Toxicology# Fourth Edition: Volume 1-9}, volume = {3}, number = {}, pages = {V3-829}, year = {2023} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Ataei M AU - Maghsoudi AS AU - Hassani S TI - Dinitrotoluene JO - Encyclopedia of Toxicology# Fourth Edition: Volume 1-9 VL - 3 IS - SP - V3 EP - 829 PY - 2023 ER -

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