Dinitrotoluene Publisher



Ataei M^{1, 2} ; Maghsoudi AS^{1, 2} ; Hassani S^{1, 2}
Source: Encyclopedia of Toxicology# Fourth Edition: Volume 1-9 Published:2023

Abstract

Dinitrotoluene (DNT) is made by combining toluene and nitric acid. Although DNT may occur as six isomers, most information pertains to 2,4-DNT (121-14-2) and 2,6-DNT (606-20-2), or technical-grade DNT, which is a mixture of these isomers. DNT is an intermediate in the production of toluene diisocyanate and is also used in commercial and military explosives. DNTs may occur as a contaminant of various environmental media, including soil, surface water, and groundwater. Results of studies in animals document DNT-induced methemoglobinemia, neurotoxicity, liver toxicity, reduced survival, and carcinogenic effects. Methemoglobinemia has been documented in workers exposed to DNT. Both 2,4-DNT and 2,6-DNT are considered possible human carcinogens. Human exposure would most likely occur in occupational settings using or manufacturing DNT. As well, ecotoxicology is a crucial concern regarding different DNT components. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.