Diabetic Retinopathy and Retinal Vascular Diseases Publisher



Khojasteh H¹ ; Faghihi H^{1, 2} ; Mirghorbani M¹ ; Hajizadeh F³ Show Affiliations
Source: Diagnostics in Ocular Imaging: Cornea# Retina# Glaucoma and Orbit Published:2020

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy is still one of the major causes of vision loss throughout the world. Small blood vessel damage is the basis of all retinal complications. Microaneurysms, cotton wool spots, retinal hemorrhage, retinal edema, and exudate are the features of the non-proliferative stage. New vessel formation is the hallmark of the proliferative phase, which results in further complications such as vitreous hemorrhage, tractional or combined retinal detachment, and neovascular glaucoma. Although the signs of diabetic retinopathy are usually evident through a dilated fundus examination, imaging tools still play a significant role in the diagnosis and planning of these patients. Retinal vessels occlusion is also a major cause of vision loss in the elderly and remains the second most common vascular accident after diabetic retinopathy. According to the anatomical site of occlusion, it is classified in two groups: Retinal artery and vein occlusions. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021. All rights reserved.