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Heterogeneity of Highly Susceptible Yersinia Enterocolitica Isolates of Clinical and Environmental Origin: A 5-Year Survey From Iran (2011-2016) Publisher Pubmed



Kiani P1 ; Bakhshi B1 ; Soltandallal MM2, 3 ; Najarpeerayeh S1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, 14117-13116, Iran
  2. 2. Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Microbial Drug Resistance Published:2020


Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance and virulence characteristics of Yersinia enterocolitica strains of clinical and environmental origins over a 5-year period in Iran and to determine the genetic diversity of strains using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) method. A total of 20 Y. enterocolitica strains were collected from 850 stool samples of patients with diarrhea, and 18 Yersinia spp. including 10 Y. enterocolitica were collected from water, food, and vegetable samples. The most frequently isolated Y. enterocolitica strains belonged to biotype (BT) 1A (83.33%). No Y. enterocolitica BT4 was detected that can be attributed to the absence of pig animal reservoir in Iranian food chain. The most frequent chromosomal virulence genes among the Y. enterocolitica isolates were inv (100%), ystA (67%), ystB (83%), tccC (20%), and ail (17%). The most frequent chromosomal virulence genes among non-enterocolitica Yersinia spp. isolates were ystB (87.5%), ystA (37.5%), and inv (37.5%). None of the Y. enterocolitica isolates harbored plasmid origin virulence genes. None of the isolates was resistant to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, tetracycline, cotrimoxazole, and chloramphenicol, whereas 90% of the Y. enterocolitica and 62.5% of the Yersinia spp. strains were resistant to ampicillin. PFGE genotyping showed a heterogeneous population of highly susceptible Yersinia spp. in both clinical and environmental samples, putting forward a good prognosis in the treatment of patients with yersiniosis. The occurrence of biotype 1A with inv+ystA+ystB+ genotype in clinical strains implies the significance of inv, ystA, and ystB gene products in turning of naturally nonpathogenic biotype 1A strains into clinically important pathogens. © Copyright 2020, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers 2020.