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Prevalence of Mental Disorders and Their Risk Factors Among Iranian Transgender Population: A National Study Publisher



Moradi G1 ; Riyahifar S2 ; Dehghanbanadaki H3 ; Bahrami P1 ; Zakaryaei F4 ; Sheibani S5 ; Mahzari K5 ; Moradi Y1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Biostatistics, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Students Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Emergency Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
  5. 5. Welfare Organization, Harm Reduction & AIDS Group, Tehran, Iran

Source: Trends in Psychology Published:2023


Abstract

In developing countries, especially in Iran, there is limited and incomplete information on the transgender population and the prevalence of their mental health conditions. This study aimed to determine the point, periodic, and lifetime prevalence of mental health conditions and factors affecting their occurrence in the transgender people in Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted from October 1, 2019, to March 30, 2020, on this population in the three major cities of Iran including Tehran, Mashhad, and Shiraz. The random sampling method was used to complete the sample size. The data collection checklist in this study consisted of two parts. The authors used Chi-square statistics and Fisher’s exact tests to determine the point, periodic, and lifetime prevalence of mental health conditions and their related symptoms based on various factors and their associations. Finally, they used the logistic regression analysis to examine factors affecting the lifetime prevalence of mental health conditions by controlling confounding factors. A total of 256 transgender people participated in this survey including 181 (70.7%) female-to-male transgenders and 70 (27.35%) male-to-female ones. 130 (51.2%) of transgender people had gender reassignment surgery and 127 (52.7%) had hormone therapy through their lifetime. Also 173 (68.9%) people of this population had experienced sex during their lifetime, 49 (19.4%) had been forced to have sex at least once, and 30 (11.7%) were sex workers. Among the mental health conditions, depression was the most prevalent (n = 202, 80.5%) in transgender participants during their lifespan, followed by suicidal thoughts (n = 130, 52.2%), self-harm (n = 101, 39.9%), suicide attempts (n = 85, 33.9%), and hallucinations (n = 39, 15.5%). The results of this national study showed various individual and social factors were involved in the point, periodic, and lifetime prevalence of various types of mental health conditions in Iranian transgender people. © 2023, Associacao Brasileira de Psicologia.
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