Association Between Hysterectomy and Ovarian Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Publisher



Yousefnezhad A ; Sharami SRY ; Saffarieh E ; Nokhostin F
Source: Immunopathologia Persa Published:2026

Abstract

Introduction: Ovarian carcinoma is one of the deadliest of the reproductive system cancers, with research results regarding the relationship between hysterectomy and ovarian carcinoma conflicting. For this reason, this study aimed to evaluate the association between hysterectomy and ovarian carcinoma through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: This study searched ProQuest, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane databases, and Google Scholar search engines until September 23, 2024. STATA 14 software was used for data analysis, and tests were significant at P<0.05. Results: In the 29 studies reviewed, no statistically significant association was observed between hysterectomy and ovarian carcinoma (OR: 1; 95% CI: 0.91, 1.11). However, tubal ligation was found to reduce the risk of ovarian carcinoma (OR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.67, 0.78). No significant correlation was detected between hysterectomy and serous (OR: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.12) or endometrioid (OR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.63, 1.36) subtypes. Nonetheless, hysterectomy was associated with a decreased risk of mucinous (OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.98) and clear cell carcinoma (OR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.75). On the other hand, there was no notable link between hysterectomy and ovarian carcinoma recognized in cohort studies (HR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.79, 1.29) or case-control studies (OR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.91, 1.12). This finding also applied to women younger than sixty years old (OR: 1; 95% CI: 0.71, 1.40), as well as those older than sixty years of age (OR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.55, 1.26). In countries like the Netherlands, Italy, Sweden, and Finland, there were fewer cases of ovarian carcinoma among women who have had a hysterectomy. However, in Taiwan, it seemed that undergoing this procedure was associated with an increased risk of developing the disease. Conclusion: Hysterectomy reduced the risk of mucvinous and clear cell carcinoma and reduced the risk of ovarian carcinoma in the Netherlands, Italy, Sweden and Finland. Tubal ligation also reduced the risk of ovarian cancer. Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO (ID: CRD4202459588) and Research Registry (UIN: reviewregistry1893) website. Copyright © 2026 The Author(s); Published by Nickan Research Institute. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.