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Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Female Sexual Dysfunction in Low-And Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review Publisher Pubmed



Koochakzai M1 ; Moghadam ZB2 ; Siahkal SF3 ; Arbabi H1 ; Ebrahimi E4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Marand Branch, Marand, Iran
  4. 4. Ursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Medicine (United States) Published:2025


Abstract

Background: Sexual function is a multidimensional phenomenon affected by many different physical, physiological, and mental factors. Sexual dysfunction (SD) can affect the different aspects of personal and familial health. Non-pharmacological interventions for SD management have received great attention in recent years, though SD is still mostly managed using pharmacological interventions. Methods: In this scoping review, we searched the PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases to find relevant studies published between January 2014 and February 2024. Results: Twenty articles were included in the review. Non-pharmacological interventions such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, sexual education and counseling based on theories and models, mindfulness-based cognitive-behavioral sex therapy, phytotherapy and vaginal electrical stimulation, multimedia applications, and sexual health education programs can improve women's sexual function. Conclusion: Given the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions and the heavy costs of pharmacological interventions, non-pharmacological interventions can be used for SD management in low-and middle-income countries. © 2025 the Author(s).
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