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Current Status and Future Perspectives of Wilms Tumor Treatment in Iran Publisher



Zahir M1, 2 ; Alidousti A4 ; Kajbafzadeh AM2 ; Arshadi H2 ; Kompani F3 ; Hajivalizadeh S4 ; Zolbin MM2 ; Ghohestani SM2 ; Amirzargar H2 ; Hekmati P2
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Pediatric Urology, Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Annals of Medicine and Surgery Published:2023


Abstract

Background: Wilms tumor (WT) is among the most common pediatric malignancies. In this study, the authors tried to evaluate the adherence to internationally-approved WT treatment protocols in our tertiary medical center in Iran. Methods: In this retrospective study, the medical records of 72 pathologically confirmed WT patients who underwent treatment from April 2014 to February 2020 were evaluated. Demographic characteristics, histologic features of the tumors and metastases, utilized treatments, and survival rates were subsequently investigated. Results: From the total of 72 patients, 31 (43.1%) and 41 (56.9%) were males and females, respectively. The median age at the time of diagnosis was 44.0 (interquartile range: 18.5, 72.0) months. Among the patients, favorable histology was observed in 68 (94.6%) patients, while 4 (5.4%) patients had unfavorable histology. Regarding chemotherapy, 34/56 (60.7%), 4/56 (7.1%), and 18/56 (32.2%) received adjuvant, neoadjuvant, and combined chemotherapy, respectively. The mean numbers of neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy sessions were 9.4 ± 5.6 and 14.5 ± 11.1, respectively. 32/72 (44.4%) of the patients received adjuvant radiotherapy with a mean number of 7.3 ± 3.6 sessions. Overall survival rates were 86% at 1-year, 74% at 3-year, and 62% at 5-year. Conclusion: Our results suggested that while the demographic characteristics of WT patients in Iran resemble those in other countries, abidance to internationally recommended protocols is relatively low. Moreover, survival rates were rather dismal in our study compared to those from other developing countries, further signifying the need for the development of a nation-specific treatment protocol for WT. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.