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Is Skin Autofluorescence a Novel Non-Invasive Marker in Diabetes? a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case–Control Studies Publisher



Hosseini MS1 ; Razavi Z2, 3 ; Bahri RA4 ; Ehsani AH2, 3 ; Firooz A5 ; Aryanian Z3, 6 ; Ehsani A7 ; Sadeghi Y1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Health Research Center, Lifestyle Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Autoimmune Bullous Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Medical Students, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Dermatology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
  7. 7. Medical Students, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Published:2023


Abstract

Background: The advanced glycation end product (AGE) is produced from the nonenzymatic reaction between glucose and macromolecules by aging. Accumulation of AGE causes functional and structural changes in body proteins that lead to impairment of tissue protein functions. We aimed to validate AGE measurement by skin autofluorescence (SAF) in diabetes mellitus (DM) compared to the nondiabetes population. Materials and Methods: We searched the PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus databases from their inception till September 18, 2022, for casecontrol studies measuring AGE by SAF. Nonhuman studies, as well as review articles, study proposals, editorials, case reports, or congress posters, were excluded. We used a random effects model to assess the standard mean difference (MD) of age,body mass index (BMI), HbA1c, and SAF between diabetes and nondiabetes individuals. Results: Higher SAF in DM patients indicated more accumulation of AGE compared with the nondiabetic population. Furthermore, HbA1c was considerably higher in DM patients. The MD of age, male gender, and BMI were significantly different between the DM individuals, compared with nondiabetic subjects, which can lead to altered SAF level and AGE production. There was a remarkable heterogeneity between diabetes and nondiabetes when measuring age, gender, and BMI, as well as HbA1c and SAF level. Conclusion: This study could not confirm the validity of SAF as a surrogate marker in diabetes patients. Interestingly, metabolic load and high BMI can increase SAF, considerably. Altogether, SAF could be helpful in the future as a marker for metabolic syndrome or diabetes. © 2023 Journal of Research in Medical Sciences | Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow.
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