Paper Based Analytical Devices for Blood Grouping: A Comprehensive Review Publisher Pubmed



Ebrahimi Fana S^{1, 2} ; Paknejad M¹ ; Aminian M¹ Show Affiliations
Source: Biomedical Microdevices Published:2021

Abstract

The clinical importance of blood group (BG) antigens is related to their ability to induce immune antibodies that can cause hemolysis. Yet, ABO and D (Rh) are still considered to be the key antigens for healthy blood transfusion and secondary antigens are the next priority. Serological typing is the most widely used typing method. Rapid and accurate blood grouping plays an important role in some clinical conditions, rather than conventional techniques. Hence, developing a simple and economical model for rapid blood grouping would facilitate these tests. In recent decades, paper-based microfluidics such as μPADs has gained much interest in wide application areas such as point-of-care diagnostic. In this study, we evaluated μPADs that are performed for blood grouping and its recent progress. A comprehensive literature search was performed using databases including PUBMED, SCOPUS, Web of Science and Google Scholar. Keywords were blood grouping or typing, paper analytical device, rapid test, etc. After investigation of search results, 16 papers from 2010 to 2020 were included. Further information in detail was classified in Table 1. Generally, two principles for blood typing μPADs are introduced. The lateral chromatographic flow method and the vertical flow-through method that detects BG in a visual-based manner. To detect results with acceptable clarity many factors and challenges like paper, blood sample, buffer, Ab and RBC interaction and also μPADs stability need to be considered, which are discussed. In conclusion, the simplicity, stability, cheapness, portability and biocompatibility of μPADs for blood grouping confirming its utility and also they have the capability to robust, universal blood-grouping platform. Table 1(Khan et al. 2010)(Al-Tamimi et al. 2012)(Li et al. 2012)(Li et al. 2013)(Guan et al. 2014b)(Li et al. 2014b)(Noiphung et al. 2015)(Then et al. 2015)(Songjaroen and Laiwattanapaisal 2016)(Yeow et al. 2016)(Zhang et al. 2017)(Songjaroen et al. 2018)(Casals‐Terre et al. 2019)(Ansari et al. 2020)(Casals‐Terre et al. 2020)(Parween et al. 2020)*phosphate buffer saline, normal saline solution © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.