Are We Ready to Integrate Modern Technologies Into the Medical Curriculum for Students a Systematic Review Publisher



Masoumian Hosseini ST^{1, 2} ; Qayumi K³ ; Pourabbasi A^{4, 5} ; Haghighi E⁶ ; Sabet B⁷ ; Koohpaei A⁸ ; Shafiei Z⁶ ; Masoumian Hosseini M^{2, 9} ; Nemati P¹⁰ Show Affiliations
Source: Discover Education Published:2025

Abstract

Background: This study aims to explore the diverse applications of contemporary technological innovations in education and to propose effective strategies for their integration into the curriculum, addressing the complexities and collaborative efforts required for meaningful learning experiences. Method: This systematic review examines the integration of digital health tools, virtual reality, and artificial intelligence (AI) in medical education, adhering to PRISMA guidelines and Cochrane Handbook standards. The primary research question focuses on the benefits and challenges of incorporating these technologies into the medical curriculum. A comprehensive literature search from 2010 to September 2024 was conducted across Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, and IEEE Xplore databases, selecting 24 relevant studies out of 3842 for thematic analysis, revealing seven key themes. The study utilized Rayyan for screening and consensus-building, followed the PRISMA Checklist for data extraction, and conducted quantitative and qualitative analyses, with stakeholder consultation for future research. Results: The study shows that medical students and faculty are generally ready to incorporate modern technologies into their curricula, but many lack a basic understanding of their applications in medicine. It emphasizes the need for a comprehensive redesign of educational frameworks to effectively incorporate modern technologies such as AI, virtual reality (VR), and augmented reality (AR). Research demonstrates that these technologies enhance learning outcomes, improve students' understanding of complex medical concepts, and develop critical skills. The review emphasizes the transformative potential of simulation-based technologies, which can significantly boost confidence, teamwork, and communication skills among medical students. However, successful integration requires careful planning of curriculum topics based on technological capabilities. Conclusion: Contemporary technologies could be integrated into medical education, offering personalized learning, improved patient care, and practical training. However, technical hurdles, financial constraints, and ethical considerations must be addressed. This transition will provide long-term cost-effectiveness and enhance the value of education. Medical educators have praised the use of innovative technologies as valuable learning tools. However, the concepts of utilisation and integration should not be confused. The educational system remains heavily reliant on teacher-centered and human-centric models, with concerns about the extent of teachers' ability to provide education and the validity of education across generations. Policymakers collaborating with accreditation bodies can help deliver uniform education that caters to students' learning preferences, but teachers may lack the capabilities and resources to lead this transformation. This raises questions about whether teachers consciously employ technology to reduce their significance and whether increased satisfaction with modern education may reflect a decline in teachers' role. © The Author(s) 2025.