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Determination of the Feeding Behavior of Phlebotomus Sergenti Using Multiplex Pcr and Tent-Baited Traps in a New Focus of Anthroponotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the Southeast of Iran Publisher Pubmed



Yousefi S1 ; Paksa A2 ; Gorouhi MA3 ; Alizadeh I3 ; Amin M2 ; Vahedi M4, 5 ; Saberi N6 ; Zahraeiramazani AR7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Vector Biology and Control, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  4. 4. Student Research Committee, Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
  6. 6. Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Vector Biology and Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Experimental Parasitology Published:2023


Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to determine feeding behaviors of Phlebotomus sergenti Parrot, in a new focus of Anthroponotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Bam County, southeast Iran. Methods: Two methods were used to determine the feeding behavior of Phlebotomus sergenti. In the first method, blood-fed sand flies were captured using a mouth aspirator in human and animal dwellings and consequently, blood meal identification was made using Multiplex PCR. The results were used for calculating Host Feeding Index (HFI) and Forage Ratio (FR) parameters. In the second method, human (Homo sapiens), goat (Capra aegagrus), cattle (Bos taurus), chicken (Gallus gallus) and dog (Canis lupus) were used as baits in tent-baited traps to determine the feeding behavior of Phlebotomus sergenti. Results: Multiplex PCR analysis revealed that the most frequent blood in the stomack of sand flies’ were from chicken, but the calculation of the FR revealed that this species prefers canine and poultary blood as meal. Human and animal tent-baited traps revealed that most Phlebotomus sergenti were attracted to chicken rather than the other hosts. Conclusions: Sand flies are attracted to animals for various reasons such as eating blood, mating on their bodies and laying eggs on their feces. Molecular methods are effective and accurate methods to determine the type of host that sandfly fed on, but they do not show host preferences. The results of the molecular analysis, along with the calculation of HFI and FR, can determine the preferred host of sand flies. The current study revealed that dogs, the secondary reservoir of ACL in Iran, is the first preferred host of Phlebotomus sergenti. © 2022
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