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Immobilization of Urease Enzyme on Chitosan/Polyvinyl Alcohol Electrospun Nanofibers Publisher Pubmed



Amani A1, 2 ; Kalajahi ST3 ; Yazdian F4 ; Mirzababaei S5 ; Rashedi H5 ; Faramarzi MA6 ; Vahidi M6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Science and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Biotechnology Progress Published:2022


Abstract

Electrospun nanofibers have gained much attention for enzyme immobilization due to their high surface-to-volume ratio. In this study, urease was immobilized on chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofibers by both adsorption and crosslinking methods. In order to obtain nanofibers with more desirable properties, solutions with different ratios of chitosan and PVA were electrospun and crosslinked using glutaraldehyde. Comparing SEM images of the nanofibers, before and after immersing them in phosphate buffer, it was shown that higher chitosan content leads to more stable fibers. So, the solution with the chitosan to PVA ratio of 40:60 was used for enzyme immobilization. Then, the effects of initial protein concentration, temperature, incubation time, and method of immobilization were investigated to reach the highest enzyme activity. Under similar immobilization conditions, covalently immobilized urease showed higher activity, compared to uncrosslinked immobilized enzyme. Besides, it retained 30% of its initial activity after 10 times usage. So, this method was chosen for further investigation. Not only the activity of the immobilized enzyme was much higher than the free enzyme in a wide range of pH and temperature, but also stability of the immobilized enzyme was improved. Immobilized urease was then used to remove thiourea which is a toxic compound. Findings indicated 60% hydrolysis of initial thiourea in 12 h. In conclusion, the findings showed that chitosan/PVA nanofibers are suitable candidates for the immobilization of urease. © 2022 American Institute of Chemical Engineers.
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