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Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in Geriatric Population: Tehran Geriatric Eye Study Publisher Pubmed



Hashemi H1 ; Asharlous A2 ; Aghamirsalim M3 ; Yekta A4 ; Pourmatin R5 ; Sajjadi M5 ; Pakbin M1 ; Asadollahi M1 ; Khabazkhoob M6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Noor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Translational Ophthalmology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Refractive Errors Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  5. 5. Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Basic Sciences, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: International Ophthalmology Published:2021


Abstract

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and its risk factors in an elderly Iranian population Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019. The target population was the subjects aged 60 and over living in Tehran. Multistage cluster sampling was done to select the subjects from all Tehran districts. After an initial interview, all subjects underwent complete ophthalmic examinations including the measurement of visual acuity and refraction as well as slit lamp biomicroscopy to evaluate Meibomian glands. Results: Of 3791 selected subjects, 3310 participated in the study. The data of 3284 participants were analyzed. The mean age of the subjects was 68.24 ± 6.53 years (range: 60–97 years) and 57.8% of them were female. The total prevalence of MGD was 71.2% (68.3–74.1), and 38.1% (8.35–40.4), 30.3% (27.4–33.2), and 2.8% (2–3.6) of the subjects had MGD stage 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The prevalence of MGD was significantly higher in men (p < 0.001) and increased with age from 64.4% in the age group 60–64 years to 82.4% in subjects aged 80 years and over. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of MGD between smokers and nonsmokers; however, severe MGD was more common in smokers. The prevalence of MGD was 76.3% and 68.52% in subjects with and without a history of ocular surgery, respectively. The prevalence of MGD stage 3 and 4 was higher in subjects with a history of ocular surgery. Conclusions: In line with the results of other studies in Asian countries, this study found a high prevalence of MGD in an elderly population of Iran. It was found that male gender and advanced age were risk factors of MGD and smoking and history of ocular surgery might worsen this disease in MGD patients. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
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