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Prevalence of Amphetamine-Type Stimulants Use in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Publisher



Abedi Gheshlaghi L1 ; Sharifi H1 ; Darabi M2 ; Chegeni M1 ; Khalili M1 ; Noroozi A3 ; Rajaei L4 ; Ardalan G4 ; Tohidinik HR1, 5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  2. 2. Research Center for Environmental Determinant of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  3. 3. Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Adolescent and Youth Heath Office, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Journal of Substance Use Published:2021


Abstract

Background and objective: The use of Amphetamine-Type Stimulants (ATS) is a major health concern after cannabis in the world. The study aimed to conduct a systematic review of the published articles on the prevalence of methamphetamine, ecstasy, and non-prescribed methylphenidate (Ritalin) use in Iran and to perform a meta-analysis on this subject. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and national Persian databases including SID, Magiran, and IranDoc were searched for articles published until July 31, 2019. The pooled lifetime and 12-month prevalence and 95% confidence intervals of ATS use were calculated. Results: Fifty-five articles were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled lifetime and 12-month prevalence of ATS use was 5.4% (95% CI: 4.9%-6.0%) and 2.4% (95% CI: 1.9%-2.9%), respectively. The pooled lifetime prevalence of methamphetamine, ecstasy and non-prescribed methylphenidate (Ritalin) use was 6.7% (95% CI: 4.9%-8.6%), 5.9% (95% CI: 4.9%-6.8%) and 16.4% (95% CI: 11.6%-21.2%), respectively. Conclusion: In Iran, lifetime ATS use is of intermediate prevalence. However, it is higher than that of other countries. The findings of this review highlight the need for more attention to ATS use in young men in the west and northwest of Iran. © 2021 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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