Association of Vitamin D, Retinol and Zinc Deficiencies With Stunting in Toddlers: Findings From a National Study in Iran

Association of Vitamin D, Retinol and Zinc Deficiencies With Stunting in Toddlers: Findings From a National Study in Iran Publisher Pubmed

Sharif Y^{1, 2} ; Sadeghi O^{1, 2} ; Dorosty A² ; Siassi F² ; Jalali M² ; Djazayery A² ; Shokri A^{3, 4} ; Mohammad K⁵ ; Parsaeian M⁵ ; Abdollahi Z⁶ ; Heshmat R⁷ ; Yarparvar A⁸ ; Pouraram H² ; Esmaillzadeh A^{2, 9, 10}

Show Affiliations

1. Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
4. Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran
5. School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
6. Nutrition Department, Under-secretary for Health, Ministry of Health & Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
7. Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
8. Health and Nutrition Unit, UNICEF, Tehran, Iran
9. Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
10. Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: Public Health Published:2020

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the association of serum levels of 25(OH)D3 (vitamin D), retinol (vitamin A) and zinc with stunting in a large sample of Iranian toddlers. Study design: This was a cross-sectional study. Methods: A total of 4261 children, aged 10–36 months, who had Iranian birth certificates were included in the present study. Weight and height were measured by experienced professionals in accordance with standard protocols. Stunting was defined as a height-for-age z-score of <-1 standard deviation (SD) based on the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria (the WHO Child Growth Standards median). Serum levels of 25(OH)D3, retinol and zinc were examined based on standard methods. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 19.2 ± 8.4 months. A significant inverse association was found between serum retinol concentrations and the odds of stunting such that after controlling for potential confounders, toddlers in the highest quartile of serum retinol levels had 29% lower odds of stunting than those in the lowest quartile (odds ratio [OR]: 0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.53–0.97). Furthermore, a significant inverse association was found between serum levels of retinol and stunting in girls (OR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.34–0.94), urban toddlers (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.44–0.99) and those who did not use nutritional supplements (OR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.52–0.95). Although serum 25(OH)D3 levels were not significantly associated with stunting in the overall study population, we found a positive association among toddlers who used nutritional supplements. No significant association was found between serum levels of zinc and stunting. Conclusion: We found a significant inverse association between serum levels of retinol and stunting in toddlers aged 10–36 months. © 2019 The Royal Society for Public Health

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Experts (# of related papers)

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Farshad Sharifi (6)

Ahmad Esmaillzadeh (4)

Style	Citing Format
MLA	Sharif Y, et al.. "Association of Vitamin D, Retinol and Zinc Deficiencies With Stunting in Toddlers: Findings From a National Study in Iran." Public Health, vol. 181, no. , 2020, pp. 1-7.
APA	Sharif Y, Sadeghi O, Dorosty A, Siassi F, Jalali M, Djazayery A, Shokri A, Mohammad K, Parsaeian M, Abdollahi Z, Heshmat R, Yarparvar A, Pouraram H, Esmaillzadeh A (2020). Association of Vitamin D, Retinol and Zinc Deficiencies With Stunting in Toddlers: Findings From a National Study in Iran. Public Health, 181(), 1-7.
Chicago	Sharif Y, Sadeghi O, Dorosty A, Siassi F, Jalali M, Djazayery A, Shokri A, et al.. "Association of Vitamin D, Retinol and Zinc Deficiencies With Stunting in Toddlers: Findings From a National Study in Iran." Public Health 181, no. (2020): 1-7.
Harvard	Sharif Y et al. (2020) 'Association of Vitamin D, Retinol and Zinc Deficiencies With Stunting in Toddlers: Findings From a National Study in Iran', Public Health, 181(), pp. 1-7.
Vancouver	Sharif Y, Sadeghi O, Dorosty A, Siassi F, Jalali M, Djazayery A, et al.. Association of Vitamin D, Retinol and Zinc Deficiencies With Stunting in Toddlers: Findings From a National Study in Iran. Public Health. 2020;181():1-7.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Sharif Y and Sadeghi O and Dorosty A and Siassi F and Jalali M and Djazayery A and Shokri A and Mohammad K and Parsaeian M and Abdollahi Z and Heshmat R and Yarparvar A and Pouraram H and Esmaillzadeh A}, title = {Association of Vitamin D, Retinol and Zinc Deficiencies With Stunting in Toddlers: Findings From a National Study in Iran}, journal = {Public Health}, volume = {181}, number = {}, pages = {1-7}, year = {2020} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Sharif Y AU - Sadeghi O AU - Dorosty A AU - Siassi F AU - Jalali M AU - Djazayery A AU - Shokri A AU - Mohammad K AU - Parsaeian M AU - Abdollahi Z AU - Heshmat R AU - Yarparvar A AU - Pouraram H AU - Esmaillzadeh A TI - Association of Vitamin D, Retinol and Zinc Deficiencies With Stunting in Toddlers: Findings From a National Study in Iran JO - Public Health VL - 181 IS - SP - 1 EP - 7 PY - 2020 ER -

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