A Novel Averaging Method for Reducing Systematic and Random Errors in Breast Cancer Radiotherapy Using Electronic Portal Imaging Device

A Novel Averaging Method for Reducing Systematic and Random Errors in Breast Cancer Radiotherapy Using Electronic Portal Imaging Device Publisher

Khosravi M ; Shakeri A ; Khosroabadi M ; Hosseini S M ; Mehri Kakavand G ; Pursamimi M ; Parwaie W ; Shafiee M ; Ghorbani M ; Tavakoli M

Source: International Journal of Radiation Research Published:2026

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study is to introduce a novel averaging method to reduce systematic and random errors using electronic portal imaging device (EPID) in breast cancer radiotherapy. Materials and methods: Data from 78 female breast cancer patients, treated with photons beams of an Elekta Synergy linac were retrospectively analyzed. A novel five-session EPID averaging method (Optimized Five Session Averaging Method) was compared with a traditional three-session approach (Three Session Averaging Method) and a no-averaging approach (No Averaging Method). Statistical analysis was performed to compare the accuracy of the three methods. Results: The Optimized Five-Session Averaging Method demonstrated superior accuracy in minimizing individual mean set up errors compared to the Three-Session Averaging Method. Specifically, in the x direction, 71.80 of patients in the Optimized Five-Session Averaging Method had errors closer to zero, as opposed to 28.21 in the 2 Three-Session Averaging Method. In the y direction, 67.94 and 32.05 were closer to zero in the Optimized Five-Session Averaging Method and Three-Session Averaging Method, respectively. In the z direction, 70.51 and 29.49 achieved this in the Optimized Five-Session Averaging Method and Three-Session Averaging Method. Statistical analysis confirmed the significant difference between the two methods (p=0.00). Conclusion: The novel averaging method effectively enhanced the accuracy and reduced errors in breast cancer radiotherapy compared to the two conventional methods. This study provides a significant advancement in reducing patient set up error in breast cancer radiotherapy and highlights the potential of the Optimized Five-Session Averaging Method for optimization in diverse clinical contexts. © 2026, Novin Medical Radiation Institute. All rights reserved.

Style	Citing Format
MLA	Khosravi M, et al.. "A Novel Averaging Method for Reducing Systematic and Random Errors in Breast Cancer Radiotherapy Using Electronic Portal Imaging Device." International Journal of Radiation Research, vol. 24, no. 3, 2026, pp. 685-692.
APA	Khosravi M, Shakeri A, Khosroabadi M, Hosseini S M, Mehri Kakavand G, Pursamimi M, Parwaie W, Shafiee M, Ghorbani M, Tavakoli M (2026). A Novel Averaging Method for Reducing Systematic and Random Errors in Breast Cancer Radiotherapy Using Electronic Portal Imaging Device. International Journal of Radiation Research, 24(3), 685-692.
Chicago	Khosravi M, Shakeri A, Khosroabadi M, Hosseini S M, Mehri Kakavand G, Pursamimi M, Parwaie W, Shafiee M, Ghorbani M, Tavakoli M. "A Novel Averaging Method for Reducing Systematic and Random Errors in Breast Cancer Radiotherapy Using Electronic Portal Imaging Device." International Journal of Radiation Research 24, no. 3 (2026): 685-692.
Harvard	Khosravi M et al. (2026) 'A Novel Averaging Method for Reducing Systematic and Random Errors in Breast Cancer Radiotherapy Using Electronic Portal Imaging Device', International Journal of Radiation Research, 24(3), pp. 685-692.
Vancouver	Khosravi M, Shakeri A, Khosroabadi M, Hosseini S M, Mehri Kakavand G, Pursamimi M, et al.. A Novel Averaging Method for Reducing Systematic and Random Errors in Breast Cancer Radiotherapy Using Electronic Portal Imaging Device. International Journal of Radiation Research. 2026;24(3):685-692.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Khosravi M and Shakeri A and Khosroabadi M and Hosseini S M and Mehri Kakavand G and Pursamimi M and Parwaie W and Shafiee M and Ghorbani M and Tavakoli M}, title = {A Novel Averaging Method for Reducing Systematic and Random Errors in Breast Cancer Radiotherapy Using Electronic Portal Imaging Device}, journal = {International Journal of Radiation Research}, volume = {24}, number = {3}, pages = {685-692}, year = {2026} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Khosravi M AU - Shakeri A AU - Khosroabadi M AU - Hosseini S M AU - Mehri Kakavand G AU - Pursamimi M AU - Parwaie W AU - Shafiee M AU - Ghorbani M AU - Tavakoli M TI - A Novel Averaging Method for Reducing Systematic and Random Errors in Breast Cancer Radiotherapy Using Electronic Portal Imaging Device JO - International Journal of Radiation Research VL - 24 IS - 3 SP - 685 EP - 692 PY - 2026 ER -

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