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Eosinophils and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (Copd) in Hospitalized Covid-19 Patients Publisher Pubmed



Fekri MS1 ; Najminejad Z2 ; Karami Robati F2 ; Dalfardi B3 ; Lashkarizadeh M4 ; Najafzadeh MJ5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  2. 2. Clinical Research Development Unit, Afzalipour Hospital‚ Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  3. 3. Advanced Thoracic Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  5. 5. Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

Source: BMC Infectious Diseases Published:2024


Abstract

Background: The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a global health emergency necessitates continued investigation of the disease progression. This study investigated the relationship between eosinophilia and the severity of COVID-19 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 73 COPD patients infected by COVID-19 in Afzalipour Hospital, Iran. Peripheral blood samples were collected for hematological parameter testing, including eosinophil percentage, using Giemsa staining. Eosinophilia was defined as≥ 2% and non-eosinophilia as< 2%. The severity of pulmonary involvement was determined based on chest CT severity score (CT-SS) (based on the degree of involvement of the lung lobes, 0%: 0 points, 1–25%: 1 point, 26–50%: 2 points, 51–75%: 3 points, and 76–100%: 4 points). The CT-SS was the sum of the scores of the five lobes (range 0–20). Results: The average age of patients was 67.90±13.71 years, and most were male (54.8%). Non-eosinophilic COPD patients were associated with more severe COVID-19 (P= 0.01) and lower oxygen saturation (P= 0.001). In addition, the study revealed a significant difference in the chest CT severity score (CT-SS) between non-eosinophilic (9.76±0.7) and eosinophilic COPD patients (6.26±0.63) (P< 0.001). Although non-eosinophilic COPD patients had a higher mortality rate, this difference was not statistically significant (P= 0.16). Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that reduced peripheral blood eosinophil levels in COPD patients with COVID-19 correlate with unfavorable outcomes. Understanding this association can help us identify high-risk COPD patients and take appropriate management strategies to improve their prognosis. © The Author(s) 2024.
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