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Disease-Specific Protein Corona Sensor Arrays May Have Disease Detection Capacity Publisher



Caracciolo G1 ; Safavisohi R2 ; Malekzadeh R3 ; Poustchi H3 ; Vasighi M4 ; Zenezini Chiozzi R5 ; Capriotti AL6 ; Lagana A6 ; Hajipour M2 ; Di Domenico M7, 8 ; Di Carlo A9 ; Caputo D10 ; Aghaverdi H11 ; Papi M10 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Caracciolo G1
  2. Safavisohi R2
  3. Malekzadeh R3
  4. Poustchi H3
  5. Vasighi M4
  6. Zenezini Chiozzi R5
  7. Capriotti AL6
  8. Lagana A6
  9. Hajipour M2
  10. Di Domenico M7, 8
  11. Di Carlo A9
  12. Caputo D10
  13. Aghaverdi H11
  14. Papi M10
  15. Palmieri V10
  16. Santoni A1
  17. Palchetti S1
  18. Digiacomo L1
  19. Pozzi D1
  20. Suslick KS12
  21. Mahmoudi M2, 11
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, Rome, 00161, Italy
  2. 2. Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
  6. 6. Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Via S.M. Costantinopoli, 16, Naples, 80138, Italy
  7. 7. Department of Biology, Temple University's College of Science and Technology, Philadelphia, United States
  8. 8. Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, Rome, 00161, Italy
  9. 9. University Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, General Surgery, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, Rome, 00128, Italy
  10. 10. Institute of Physics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Universita Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
  11. 11. Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, United States
  12. 12. Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, 61801, IL, United States

Source: Nanoscale Horizons Published:2019


Abstract

The earlier any catastrophic disease (e.g., cancer) is diagnosed, the more likely it can be treated, providing improved patient prognosis, extended survival and better quality of life. In early 2014, we revealed that various types of disease can substantially affect the composition/profile of protein corona (i.e., a layer of biomolecules that forms at the surface of nanoparticles upon their interactions with biological fluids). Here, by combining the concepts of disease-specific protein corona and sensor array technology we developed a platform with disease detection capacity using blood plasma. Our sensor array consists of three cross-reactive liposomes, with distinct lipid composition and surface charge. Rather than detecting a specific biomarker, the sensor array provides pattern recognition of the corona protein composition adsorbed on the liposomes. As a feasibility study, sensor array validation was performed using plasma samples obtained from patients diagnosed with five different cancer types (i.e. lung cancer, glioblastoma, meningioma, myeloma, and pancreatic cancer) and a control group of healthy donors. Although no single corona composition is specific for any one cancer type, overlapping but distinct patterns of the corona composition constitutes a unique fingerprint for each type of cancer (with a high classification accuracy, i.e. 99.4%). To finally probe the capacity of this sensor array for early detection of cancers, we used cohort plasma obtained from healthy people who were subsequently diagnosed several years after plasma collection with lung, brain, and pancreatic cancers. Our results suggest that the disease-specific protein corona sensor array will not only be instrumental in the screening, detection, and identification of diseases, but may also help identify novel protein pattern markers whose role in disease development and/or disease biology has not been appreciated so far. © 2019 The Royal Society of Chemistry.