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Iran Smell Identification Test (Iran-Sit): A Modified Version of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (Upsit) for Iranian Population Publisher



Taherkhani S1 ; Moztarzadeh F1 ; Mehdizadeh Seraj J2 ; Hashemi Nazari SS3, 4 ; Taherkhani F5 ; Gharehdaghi J6 ; Okazi A7 ; Pouraghaei S1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Biomedical Engineering (Center of Excellence), Amirkabir University of Technology, P. O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Otolaryngology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box 14155-6153, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Legal Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Forensic Medicine Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Chemosensory Perception Published:2015


Abstract

Introduction: Based on cultural adaption, various types of olfactory tests have been designed in different countries. The aim of this study was to develop a standardized smell identification test to evaluate the olfactory function of Iranian population. Methods: For designing Iran smell identification test (Iran-SIT), we selected the most familiar odors for Iranians, and prepared a 24-item smell identification test in four-alternative forced-choice paradigm. We tested 577 healthy subjects aged 6 to 68 years by Iran-SIT. In order to assess the reliability and stability of Iran-SIT over time, 96 subjects participated in the retest study after 5 months. Results: All odors of Iran-SIT were identified by more than 70 % of subjects. Identification scores were significantly changed by age. Children and elderly subjects represented significantly lower identification scores than adult aged 20–50 years. There were no significant differences between adult aged 20–50 years. Test-retest study revealed that Iran-SIT is a highly reliable and valid test (Pearson’s correlation coefficient between test-retest identification scores: r = 0.93). In order to classify adult patients into four olfactory disorder levels, we determined diagnostic criterion of olfactory disorder using Iran-SIT based on the identification score obtained from subjects aged 20–50 years. Conclusions: Iran-SIT with high reliability and validity has adequacy to distinguish among normosmia, mild microsmia, severe microsmia, and anosmia. © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media New York.