4-Methylimidazole, a Carcinogenic Component in Food, Amount, Methods Used for Measurement; a Systematic Review

4-Methylimidazole, a Carcinogenic Component in Food, Amount, Methods Used for Measurement; a Systematic Review Publisher

Akbari N¹ ; Shafaroodi H² ; Jahanbakhsh M¹ ; Sabah S³ ; Molaeeaghaee E¹ ; Sadighara P¹

Show Affiliations

1. Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, Faculty of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2. Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3. Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran

Source: Food Chemistry: X Published:2023

Abstract

4-methylimidazole (4-MEI) is widely used industrially. This carcinogenic component has been reported in some types of food. It is usually produced by the caramelization process in food, drinks and caramel coloring. The possible mechanism for the formation of this compound in food is the Maillard reaction. In order to estimate the amount of substance 4-MEI in food, a systematic study was conducted. The selected keywords were 4-methylimidazole, 4-MEI, beverage, drink, meat, milk, and coffee. 144 articles were obtained from the initial search. The articles were evaluated and finally, the data of 15 manuscripts were extracted. Based on the data extracted from selected articles, the highest amount is reported in caramel color, coffee, and cola drinks. In 70% of the selected studies, the analytical method was based on liquid chromatography. In this method, there is no need for derivatization. SPE columns were used to extract samples in most manuscripts. According to per capita consumption, the most exposure to 4-MEI is through coffee. In high risk food products, regular monitoring with analytical methods with high sensitivity is recommended. Furthermore, most of the selected studies were about the validation method, so few samples were selected. It is recommended to design more studies with a high sample size to accurately evaluate this carcinogenic compound in food. © 2023 The Author(s)

Style	Citing Format
MLA	Akbari N, et al.. "4-Methylimidazole, a Carcinogenic Component in Food, Amount, Methods Used for Measurement; a Systematic Review." Food Chemistry: X, vol. 18, no. , 2023, pp. -.
APA	Akbari N, Shafaroodi H, Jahanbakhsh M, Sabah S, Molaeeaghaee E, Sadighara P (2023). 4-Methylimidazole, a Carcinogenic Component in Food, Amount, Methods Used for Measurement; a Systematic Review. Food Chemistry: X, 18(), -.
Chicago	Akbari N, Shafaroodi H, Jahanbakhsh M, Sabah S, Molaeeaghaee E, Sadighara P. "4-Methylimidazole, a Carcinogenic Component in Food, Amount, Methods Used for Measurement; a Systematic Review." Food Chemistry: X 18, no. (2023): -.
Harvard	Akbari N et al. (2023) '4-Methylimidazole, a Carcinogenic Component in Food, Amount, Methods Used for Measurement; a Systematic Review', Food Chemistry: X, 18(), pp. -.
Vancouver	Akbari N, Shafaroodi H, Jahanbakhsh M, Sabah S, Molaeeaghaee E, Sadighara P. 4-Methylimidazole, a Carcinogenic Component in Food, Amount, Methods Used for Measurement; a Systematic Review. Food Chemistry: X. 2023;18():-.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Akbari N and Shafaroodi H and Jahanbakhsh M and Sabah S and Molaeeaghaee E and Sadighara P}, title = {4-Methylimidazole, a Carcinogenic Component in Food, Amount, Methods Used for Measurement; a Systematic Review}, journal = {Food Chemistry: X}, volume = {18}, number = {}, pages = {-}, year = {2023} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Akbari N AU - Shafaroodi H AU - Jahanbakhsh M AU - Sabah S AU - Molaeeaghaee E AU - Sadighara P TI - 4-Methylimidazole, a Carcinogenic Component in Food, Amount, Methods Used for Measurement; a Systematic Review JO - Food Chemistry: X VL - 18 IS - SP - EP - PY - 2023 ER -

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